WORLD TRADE
ORGANIZATIONG/SCM/N/60/TUR
2 March 2001
(01-1033)
Committee on Subsidies
and Countervailing MeasuresOriginal:  English
SUBSIDIES
Updating Notification Pursuant to Article XVI:1 of the GATT 1994
and Article 25 of the Agreement on Subsidies and
Countervailing Measures
TURKEY
The following communication, dated 26 February 2001, has been received from the
Permanent Mission of Turkey.
_______________
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I. ENCOURAGING INVESTME NTS IN TU RKEY ................................................................1
II. CREDIT PROG RAMMES ......................................................................................................1
III. EXPORT SUBSIDY PROGRAMME FOR AGRICULTURAL  PRODUCTS...................9
A. D ECREE 99/7 OF THE MONEY -CREDIT AND COORDINATION COUNCIL ..........................10
B. D ECREE 99/6 OF THE MONEY -CREDIT AND COORDINATION COUNCIL ..........................11
I. ENCOURAGING INVESTMENTS IN TURKEY
The general outlines and encouragement elements in relation to Decree No. 98/10755 which
contains the current Investment Encouragement Mechanism of Turkey have been summarized in the
1998 full notification (at the part of "Encouraging Investments in Turkey", G/SCM/N/38/TUR).
Changes made in connection with above-mentioned Decree have been notified in
G/SCM/N/48/TUR and since then no change has been made.
II. CREDIT PROGRAMMES
1. Title of the subsidy programme
Credit programmes
Turk Eximbank supports exporters, export-oriented manufacturers and overseas investors
with short, medium and long-term cash and non-cash credit programmes.  Moreover, export
receivables are discounted in order to promote sales on deferred payment conditions and to increaseexport trade volume.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 2
Short-term Export Credits
In 1999, 64 per cent of short-term credits offered by Turk Eximbank had been extended via
intermediary Turkish commercial banks which are allo cated credit lines and 36 per cent of the short-
term credits have been extended directly by Turk Eximbank.  Credits are extended either in TL or inforeign currency under this programme.  The Bank has financially supported approximately 13 per
cent of Turkey's exports by its short-term credits in 1999.
Pre-shipment Turkish Lira Export Credit (PSEC TL) Programme;  a short-term credit facility
extended in TL covering all sectors and providing financial support to exporters from the early stages
of production.
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMSEs) Export Credit Programme  (a subprogramme of
PSEC TL)
Priority Development Areas Export Credit Programmes  (a subprogramme of the PSEC TL)
Pre-shipment Foreign Currency Export Credit (PSEC FX) Programme;   a short-term credit
facility extended in FX covering all sectors and providing financial support to exporters from the early
stages of production.
Foreign Trade Companies (FTC) Short-term Export Credit Lines;   extended to foreign trade
corporate companies (FTCC) and sectoral foreign trade companies (SFTC) in both TL and foreign
currency to meet their export financing needs.
The programme has TL and foreign exchange credit options:
FTC Short-term Turkish Lira Export Credit Programme
FTC Short-term Foreign Currency Credit Programme
Performance Related Foreign Currency Credit Programme;   extended to exporters and export-
oriented manufacturers in foreign currency.
Performance Related Turkish Lira Export Credit Programme;   extended to exporters and export-
oriented manufacturers in TL.
Short-term Export Credit Discount Programme;  a post-shipment finance facility in which export
receivables subject to bankers' acceptances provided by commercial banks and/or irrevocable letters
of credit are discounted by Turk Eximbank.
Short-term Pre-shipment Rediscount Programme;   a new pre-shipment finance facility which was
put into effect within the framework of an additional limit to the post-shipment discount limit
extended to Turk Eximbank by the Central Bank of Turkey.  Promissory notes that are prepared by
the exporters on behalf of Turk Eximbank having an aval of the banks which have short-term letter ofguarantee limit in the Bank and that have a maximum maturity of 120 days are discounted under this
limit.
Medium and Long-term Export Credits
Buyers Credit and Guarantee Programme;   Turk Eximbank extends credit lines under sovereign
guarantee to correspondent banks and financial institutions in various countries.  Within the
framework of this programme, financing facilities are allocated for both export and project finance.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 3
Islamic Development Bank (IDB) Export Financing Scheme;   Turk Eximbank acts as an
intermediary agency for the Export Financing Sche me of the IDB, in accordance with the agreement
signed in 1988 between the two parties.  This prog ramme entails financing on buyer credit basis, and
provides credit facilities to importers that reside  not only in member countries of the Organization of
Islamic Conference, but also in member countries of the OECD for their imports from Turkey.  The
IDB has the credit approval authorisation and the buyer's risk for the transactions mediated by Turk
Eximbank is borne by the IDB.
This scheme also entails a limit amounting to Islamic Dinars 20 million (approximately
$29 million) provided by the IDB.  Under this re volving credit line allocated to Turk Eximbank by
IDB (an exception to general practice), Turk Eximbank has the credit approval authorisation and the
buyer's risk is borne by Turk Eximbank.  The figures in the table at the end of the document are thedisbursements from this limit.
IDB Import Trade Financing Operations (ITFO Line);   a medium-term revolving financing
facility provided by IDB's ITFO Line financing scheme.  Export commitment is required by Turk
Eximbank from the beneficiaries of this programme.
Overseas Chain Stores Investment Credit Programme;   Turk Eximbank supports Turkish
entrepreneurs' overseas investments for the establishment of shopping malls and chain stores in which
Turkish brand consumer goods may be offered for sale.
Letter of Guarantee Programme for Ship-building and Exporting ;  Turkish firms involved in
ship-building and/or the export of ships will be provided letters of guarantee in order to secure
financing from both domestic and foreign banks/financial institutions or obtain pre-financing either in
advance or in instalments from the buyer.
Specific Export Credit Programme;   a medium-term pre-shipment financing facility provided to
manufacturers/exporters for their foreign currency generating projects.  Under this programme, the
Bank provides support to companies, which engage in ship-building and factory construction, and
manufacturer/exporters that produce high value-added industrial goods.
Export Finance Intermediation Loan (EFIL);   a new credit facility in which short/medium-term
working capital needs of manufacturer-exporters and their export related investment requirements arefinanced with a credit line amounting to $246 million obtained from the World Bank backed by a
guarantee of the Turkish Treasury.  Turk Eximbank lends this loan through five participating banks.
The credit risk on the participating banks are borne by Turk Eximbank, whereas the credit risks on the
borrowing enterprises are borne by the on-lending banks.
Insurance Programmes
Through the export credit insurance programmes, which are one of the Turk Eximbank's main
areas of activity, exporters' receivables are insured against commercial and political risks within
certain limits.  Besides, export credit insurance programmes enable exporters to obtain credits fromfinancial institutions at favourable terms, by using their insurance policies attained from Turk
Eximbank as collateral.
Short-term Export Credit Insurance
Short-term Export Credit Insurance Programme;   provides companies with one year blanket
insurance cover for exports sold on short-term cr edits (with payment terms up to 360 days).  This
programme covers all goods exported by Turkish companies.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 4
Medium and Long-term Insurance Facilities
Specific Export Credit Insurance Programme;   a single buyer insurance programme providing
cover against political and commercial risks for both the pre-shipment and post-shipment stages.  This
programme covers receivables arising from exports of capital and semi-capital goods with maximumfive-year maturity.
Specific Export Credit Insurance Post-shipment Political Risk Programme;   a single buyer
insurance programme providing cover to exporters, especially for their medium and long-term exports
of capital and semi-capital goods to Central and Western Asian Republics, against political risks in
the post-shipment stage.
Specific Export Credit Insurance Post-shipment Comprehensive Risk Programme;   provides
expanded cover to medium and long-term exports of capital and semi-capital goods against both
commercial and political risks.
Overseas Contractors' Services Insurance Programme;   aims to insure Turkish contractors'
overseas activities in politically high risk countries.  The programme has not been implemented yet,
but is currently under review.
Overseas Investment Insurance Programme;   aims to provide cover to Turkish companies' new
direct investments abroad against political risks.   The groundwork for this programme has been laid
out in coordination with the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA).  In this context, a
"Co-operation Agreement" has been signed with MI GA in October 1999.  This programme is planned
to be implemented in the near future.
2. Policy objective and/or purpose of this subsidy
Credit ProgrammesShort-term Export CreditsPre-shipment Turkish Lira Export Credit (PSEC TL) Programme;   aims to meet the financing
needs of exporters and/or export oriented producers starting from the early stages of production.
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMSEs) Export Credit facility;  aims to support
SMSEs.
Priority Development Areas Export Credit facility;   aims to help exporters in priority
development areas and ultimately eliminate the social and economic gaps which exist
between these regions and Turkey's developed regions.
Pre-shipment Foreign Currency Export Credit Programme;   same as PSEC TL.
Foreign Trade Companies Short-term Export Credit Lines;   aim to assist large export trading
companies in their export financing needs.
Performance Related Foreign Currency and Turkish Lira Export Credit Programmes;   aim to
increase the competitiveness of exporters in international markets.
Short-term Export Credit Discount Programme;   aims to increase the competitiveness of Turkish
exporters in international markets by enabling them to sell Turkish goods on deferred payment terms
and eliminating overseas risks thereby encouraging them to target and enter into new markets.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 5
Short-term Pre-shipment Rediscount Programme;   aims to support manufacturer-exporters and
exporters in pre-shipment basis by discounting receivables in the form of promissory notes avalized
by selected Turkish commercial banks.
Medium and Long-term Export CreditsBuyers Credit and Guarantee Programme;   aims to boost the competitiveness of Turkish exporters
and contractors in international markets.  Throug h this programme, Turk Eximbank enables foreign
buyers to purchase Turkish goods and services on deferred payment conditions.  Moreover, the Bank
provides a risk-free environment to these companies in their activities in the markets pertaining high
political and commercial risks.
Islamic Development Bank (IDB) Export Financing Scheme;   aims to provide financing for all
goods, having at least 40 per cent domestic content exported to member countries of the Organization
of Islamic Conference (OIC) and OECD.
IDB Import Trade Financing Operations (ITFO Line);   aims to provide finance for the imports of
raw materials, semi-capital and capital goods from member and non-member countries of OIC, which
are used in the production of export goods.
Overseas Chain Stores Investment Credit Programme;   aims to support direct sales of Turkish
brand consumer goods in international markets.
Letter of Guarantee Programme for Ship-building and Exporting;   aims to support Turkish
dockyards in order to increase their shares in international markets.
Specific Export Credit Programme;   aims to meet credit demands which cannot be fulfilled within
the standard short-term credit programmes of Turk Eximbank.  This programme is designed to
support Turkish manufacturers; manufacturer-exporters and exporters in order to meet their specific
requirements by providing medium-term financing.
Export Finance Intermediation Loan (EFIL);   aims to finance short/medium-term working capital
needs of manufacturer-exporters and their export related investment requirements.
Insurance Programmes
As a result of revisions made in February 1997, Short-term Export Credit Insurance, which
had previously been compulsory for the beneficiaries of the Pre-shipment Export Credit programme,
became optional.  In order to facilitate exports to priority target markets through the provision ofinsurance protection, Turk Eximbank has extended insurance lines to selected banks in these countries
within the framework of Trade Financing Agreements.  Under these agreements, IL/Cs issued by
these banks are covered against political and commercial risks.
Short-term Export Credit InsuranceShort-term Export Credit Insurance Programme;   this post-shipment facility aims to provide
cover against political and commercial risks.
Medium and Long-term Insurance FacilitiesSpecific Export Credit Insurance Programme;   aims to provide insurance cover against
commercial and political risks for the export of capital and semi-capital goods sold on credit terms of
one to five years maturity.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 6
Specific Export Credit Insurance Post-shipment Political Risk Programme;   aims to provide
insurance cover against political risks in the post-shipment stage for receivables with credit terms of
up to five years relating to the export of capital and semi-capital goods.
Specific Export Credit Insurance Post-shipment Comprehensive Risk Policy;   aims to provide
expanded cover to the medium and long-term exports of capital and semi-capital goods against both
commercial and political risks.
Overseas Contractors' Services Insurance Programme;  aims to insure Turkish contractors'
overseas activities in politically risky countries.
Overseas Investment Insurance Programme;   aims to provide cover against political risks for the
overseas investments of Turkish firms.
3. Background and authority for the subsidy
Turk Eximbank regularly presents its annual programmes to the Supreme Advisory and
Credit Guidance Committee chaired by the State Minister in charge of the Bank's activities.  This
Committee fixes upper limits of credits to be extended by the Bank, guarantees to be issued and
insurance transactions to be effected either as total amount or by countries.  Procedures and guidelines
concerning the implementation of all above-mentioned programmes are administered within the
framework of annual programmes by the Board of Directors of the Bank.  Regarding medium and
long-term credit, guarantee and insurance facilitie s, the Bank fully complies with OECD Consensus,
which determines the guidelines for the officially supported export credits for two years or more.  In
April 1998, Turkey became a full member of the Export Credits and Credit Guarantees Group of
OECD.  Turk Eximbank has been a full member of  the Berne Union, an international association of
export credit insurers and sending regular information to these organizations.
4. Form of the subsidy
Short-term export credits
In the form of a loan.
Buyers Credit and Guarantee Programme
It may be in the form of direct lending or guarantee.
Other medium and long-term export credits
In the form of a loan.
Short, Medium and Long-term Insurance Facilities
In the form of export credit insurance.
5. To whom and how the subsidy is provided
Credit ProgrammesShort-term Export CreditsPre-shipment Turkish Lira Export Credit (PSEC TL) Programme;   extended to Sectoral Foreign
Trade Companies (SFTC), manufacturers, manufacturer-exporters and exporters.  The interest rate isG/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 7
determined by Turk Eximbank according to money ma rket rates, loan repayment periods and cost of
funding.
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMSEs) Export Credit facility  extended only to small
and medium scale manufacturers and manufacturer-exporters of up to 200 employees.Interest rate is same as that of PSEC TL.
Priority Development Areas Export Credit facility;   extended to companies located in
Turkey's priority development areas.  Interest  rate is slightly lower than PSEC TL interest
rate.
Pre-shipment Foreign Currency Export Credit (PSEC FX) Programme;   extended to Sectoral
Foreign Trade Companies (SFTC), manufacturers, manufacturer-exporters and exporters.  Interest rate
is LIBOR + spread, EURIBOR + spread, STG LIBOR + spread, TIBOR + spread (for JPY credits).
Spread is determined by Turk Eximbank.
Foreign Trade Companies Short-term Export Credit Lines;  extended to Foreign Trade Corporate
Companies (FTCC) and Sectoral Foreign Companies (SFTC) and allocated on the basis of previous
year's export performance.  Applicants must be entitled to FTCC and SFTC status by the
Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade.  Interest rate for FTC Short-term Turkish Lira Export Credit
Programme is the same with that of PSEC TL and interest rate for FTC Short-term Foreign Currency
Credit Programme is the same with that of PSEC FX.
Performance Related Foreign Currency and Turkish Lira Export Credit Programmes;
extended to manufacturers, manufacturer-exporters and exporters except FTCC and SFTC. The
interest rate for FX option is the same as that of PSEC FX and the rate for TL option is the same as
that of PSEC TL.
Short-term Export Credit Discount Programme;   export receivables subject to bankers' acceptance
and/or irrevocable letters of credit are discounted by Turk Eximbank and in this way a post-shipment
financing facility is provided for Turkish exporters.  Export receivables with a maturity of up to
180 days are discounted on LIBOR + spread.
Short-term Pre-shipment Rediscount programme;   promissory notes that are prepared by the
exporters on behalf of Turk Eximbank having an aval of the banks which have short-term letter of
guarantee limit in the Bank and that have a maximum maturity of 120 days, are discounted and in this
way a pre-shipment financing facility is provided for Turkish exporters and export oriented
manufacturers.  Under this programme, export transa ctions on cash against documents and irrevocable
letters of credit are covered.  Interest rate is LIBOR + spread where spread is determined by TurkEximbank.
Medium and Long-term Export CreditsBuyers Credit and Guarantee Programme;   credit lines are extended under sovereign guarantee to
correspondent banks and financial institutions in various countries.  Interest rates are established
between the parties concerned and also according to the OECD Consensus.
Islamic Development Bank (IDB) Export Financing Scheme;   extended to Turkish exporters who
export goods having at least 40 per cent domestic content to member countries of the OIC and theOECD.  This mark-up rate is LIBOR + spread per annum where spread is determined on transaction
basis.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 8
IDB Import Trade Financing Operations (ITFO Line);   extended to Turkish importers for their
imported input requirements.  The mark-up rate is LIBOR + 1.5 for the imports from the member
countries of OIC and LIBOR + 2.5 for the imports from non-member countries OIC.
Overseas Chain Stores Investment Credit Programme;   extended to Turkish entrepreneurs who
invest abroad for the establishment of shopping malls and chain stores in foreign countries.  The
interest rates are determined by Turk Eximbank according to the credit term, cost of funding and the
credibility of the project exporter, on project basis.
Letter of Guarantee Programme for Ship-building and Exporting;   Turkish firms involved in
ship-building and/or the export of ships will be provided letters of guarantee in order to secure
financing from both domestic and foreign banks/financial institutions or obtain pre-financing either inadvance or in instalments from the buyer.  The commission rate is determined by Turk Eximbank for
each transaction.
Specific Export Credit Programme;   a medium-term financing facility provided to
manufacturers/exporters for their foreign currency generating projects in Turkey or abroad atpreshipment stage.  It is provided with the terms determined on project basis.
Export Finance Intermediation Loan (EFIL);   all private exporters with foreign exchange earnings,
irrespective of their sector, are eligible for participation as sub-borrowers on a commercial basis.
Turk Eximbank determines the interest rates applie d to the participating banks considering the cost of
funding.
Insurance ProgrammesShort-term Export Credit InsuranceShort-term Export Credit Insurance Programme;   all Turkish exporters are eligible for this
programme.  The premium rates vary according to the risk classification of the buyer's country, the
terms and conditions of payment and the nature of the buyer (public/private).
Medium and Long-term Insurance Facilities
Specific Export Credit Insurance Programme;   all Turkish exporters are eligible for this
programme.  The premium rates vary according to the risk classification of the buyer's country, the
terms and conditions of payment and the nature of the buyer (public/private).
Specific Export Credit Insurance Post -Shipment Political Risk Programme;   s a m e  a s  S p e c i f i c
Export Credit Insurance Programme.
Specific Export Credit Insurance Post -Shipment Comprehensive Risk Policy;   same as Specific
Export Credit Insurance Programme.
Overseas Contractors' Services Insurance Programme;   Turkish contracting companies engaged
in turn-key or partial building projects, or the expansion and assembly of industrial plants tendered by
an overseas employer are eligible for this programme.
Overseas Investment Insurance Programme;   Turkish companies who have new direct investments
in overseas enterprises are eligible for this programme.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 9
6. Duration of the subsidy
There is no time-limit to Turk Eximbank programmes.  The programmes may be revised,
eliminated or new programmes are introduced according to the requirements of Turkish exporters and
international rules and regulations.
Turk Eximbank's Credits in the Three Most Recent Years ($ million)
Programmes 1997 1998 1999
Pre-shipment Turkish Lira Export Credit 732.1 855.0 958.5
Pre-shipment Foreign Currency Export Credit 1,123.8 1,196.8 1,154.1
FTC Short-term Turkish Lira Export Credit 125.6 183.3 209.7
FTC Short-term Foreign Currency Credit 415.1 436.2 335.3
Performance Related TL Export Credit 84.9 212.0 313.7
Performance Related FX Credit 393.9 343.2 326.3
Short-term Export Credit Discount Programme 12.0 13.0 31.7
Short-term Pre-shipment Rediscount Programme - - 1.9
Buyers Credit and Guarantee Programme 113.3 215.0 196.5
IDB Export Financing Scheme 3.4 3.1 -
IDB ITFO Line 13.3 9.7 7.2
Overseas Chain Stores Investment Credit 8.2 1.8 10.4
Letter of Guarantee Programme for Ship-building
and Exporting5.3 22.7 4.4
Specific Export Credit Programme 6.7 18.1 3.4
Export Finance Intermediation Loan (EFIL) - - -
III. EXPORT SUBSIDY PROGRAMME FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
1. Title of the subsidy programme
The title of the subsidy programme is "Export Subsidy Programme for Agricultural Products"
(Decree No. 98/30).  The Decree 98/30 of th e Money-Credit and Coordination Council was
announced in the Official Gazette dated 31 December 1998, which has been applied between
1 January and 31 December 1999.  This programme came into force replacing the Decree 98/12.
2. Policy objective and/or purpose of the subsidy
The policy objective of this export subsidy programme is to develop Turkey's export potential
in processed agricultural products.
3. Background and authority of the subsidy
Authority for the subsidy is the Money-Cred it and Coordination Council.  The Council is
comprised of the Ministers of State, the Minister of Agriculture, the Undersecretary of the Minister ofFinance, the Undersecretary for State Planning Organization, the Undersecretary for Foreign Trade,
the Undersecretary for Treasury and the Head of the Central Bank.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 10
4. Form of the subsidy
The subsidies are provided to producer/exporters or exporters in the form of deduction of
their debts to the public corporations (taxes, social insurance premium costs, energy costs,
telecommunication costs) from their subsidy entitlement.
5. Subsidy per unit
The subsidy per product is given below.
6. Statistical data permitting an assessment of the trade effects of the subsidy
No statistical data permitting an assessment of the trade effects of this subsidy is available.
A. DECREE 99/7 OF THE MONEY -CREDIT AND COORDINATION COUNCIL
1. Title of the subsidy programme
The title of the subsidy programme is "Export Subsidy Programme For Apples".  The Decree
99/7 of the Money-Credit and Coordination Council is announced in the Official Gazette dated
5 February 2000, which has been applied between 1 December 1999 and 31 May 2000.
2. Policy objective and/or purpose of the subsidy
The policy objectives of this export subsidy programme are to develop the export potential of
these products and to channel excessive production to exports.
3. Background and authority of the subsidy
Authority for the subsidy is the Money-Cred it and Coordination Council.  The Council is
comprised of the Ministers of State, the Minister of Finance, the Minister of Agriculture, the
Undersecretary for State Planning Organizati on, the Undersecretary for Foreign Trade, the
Undersecretary for Treasury and the Head of the Central Bank.
4. Form of the subsidy
The form of the subsidy is cash grants.  These subsidies are provided to the exporters of this
product as a fixed amount per ton in US dollars.
5. Subsidy per unit
The subsidy rate of this product is given below.
Product Rate
(in US$/ton)
99/7
Apples 40
6. Statistical data permitting an assessment of the trade effects of the subsidy
No statistical data permitting an assessment of the trade effects of this subsidy is available.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 11
Product Rate
(in US$/ton)Share of exported quantity
eligible to receive the subsidy
98/30
Cut flowers (fresh) 285 57%
Vegetables, frozen (excl.potatoes)106 38%
Vegetables (dehydrated) 370 33%
Fruits (frozen) 92 45%
Preserves, pastes 55 85%
Homogenized fruit preparations 53 69%
Fruit juices (concentrated) 168 31%
Olive oil 200 100%
Prepared or preserved fish 210 100%
Meat of poultry (excl. edible
offals)199 28%
Eggs 7$/000 pieces 40%
Chocolate and other food
preparations containingchocolate110 60%
Biscuits, waffles 110 30%
Macaroni vermicelli 73 40%
The second column specifies that the subsidy will only be paid on a determined percentage of
the quantity exported.  This system has been used owing to the annual volume commitment ofTurkey, originated in the WTO Agreement on Agriculture.
6. Statistical data permitting an assessment of the trade effects of the subsidy
No statistical data permitting an assessment of the trade effects of this subsidy is available.
B. DECREE 99/6 OF THE MONEY -CREDIT AND COORDINATION COUNCIL
1. Title of the subsidy programme
The title of the subsidy programme is "Export Subsidy Programme For Potatoes and Dried
Onion".  The Decree 99/6 of the Money-Credit a nd Coordination Council is announced in the Official
Gazette dated 18 October 1999 which has been applied between 1 October 1999 and 31 March 2000.
2. Policy objective and/or purpose of the subsidy
The policy objectives of this export subsidy programme are to develop the export potential of
these products and to channel excessive production to exports.
3. Background and authority of the subsidy
Authority for the subsidy is the Money-Cred it and Coordination Council.  The Council is
comprised of the Deputy Prime Minister, the Ministers of State, the Undersecretary of the Minister of
Finance, the Undersecretary for State Planning Organization, the Undersecretary for Foreign Trade,
the Undersecretary for Treasury and the Head of the Central Bank.G/SCM/N/60/TUR
Page 12
4. Form of the subsidy
The form of the subsidy is cash grants.  These subsidies are provided to the exporters of this
product as a fixed amount per ton in US dollars.
5. Subsidy per unit
The subsidy rate of this product is given below.
Product Rate
(in US$/ton)
98/6
Potatoes 20
Onion (dried) 17
__________