RESTRICTED
WORLD TRADE S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
6April 1995
ORGANIZATION(95-0836)
Original: English Negotiating Group onMaritime Transport Services
COMMUNICATION FROM TURKEY
Response toQuestionnaire onMaritime Transport Services
ThefollowingcommunicationiscirculatedattherequestofTurkeytomembersoftheNegotiating
Group onMaritime Transport Services.
___________
I. Market Structure
Vessels
1.
STRUCTURE OFNATIONALLY OWNED OROPERATED FLEET
Type ofVessels Number ofVessels Deadweight Tonnages
National Flag Foreign Flag National Flag Foreign Flag
OilTankers 99 - 1,666,577 -
Liquified GasCarriers 5 - 13,409 -
Chemicals Tankers 26 - 74,733 -
Combination Carriers 8 - 916,893 -
Ore-Bulk Carriers - - - -
General Cargo 479 - 1,468,784 -
Container Ships 1 - 4,800 -
Refrigerated Carriers - - - -
Specialized Cargo - - - -
Ro-Ro 14 - 78,618 -
Ferries andPassengers 45 - 14,681 -
Other 370 - 4,238,495 -
AllVessels 1.047 - 8,515,048 -S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
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Trade
2. 85percentoftotal54,764,875 tonnes trade ofTurkey iscarried bysea.
3. a) Thetotalexports ofTurkey: 15,871,318 tonnes
b) Thetotalimports ofTurkey: 38,893,557 tonnes
4. a) Thetotalexports ofTurkey carried bynational-flag vessels: 47,5%
b) Thetotalexports ofTurkey carried byforeign-flag vessels: 52,5%
c) Thetotalimports ofTurkey carried bynational-flag vessels: 51,8%
d) Thetotalimports ofTurkey carried byforeign-flag vessels: 48,2%
5. Transportations byTurkish Maritime Fleet inCross-Trade in1993;
DryBulk: 69,452,659 65.89 %
Liquid Bulk: 21,955,868 20.83 %S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
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Organization ofCargo
6. Thedistribution ofexternal trade carried bysea(type ofcargo) 1993
Type ofCargo Export Import
Total National-
FlagForeign-Flag Total National-Flag Foreign-Flag
DryBulk
Grain 1,425,718 624,935 800,783 2,102,055 228,968 1,873,087
Ore 2,200,304 509,555 1,690,749 3,189,603 1,166,551 2,023,052
Coal 66,847 3,634 63,213 7,797,581 3,247,307 4,550,274
Sub-Total 3,692,869 1,138,124 2,554,745 13,089,239 4,642,826 8,446,413
Liquid Bulk
Crude-Oil 13,195 - 13,195 20,942,556 12,635,763 8,306,793
Petroleum
Products3,071,249 211,478 2,859,771 4,297,393 921,666 3,375,727
Liquefied Gas 116,679 8,329 108,350 1,450,761 18,210 1,432,551
Other Liquids 186,123 107,896 78,277 1,272,288 146,417 1,125,871
Sub-Total 3,387,246 327,703 3,059,543 27,962,998 13,722,056 14,240,942
Industrial
products10,032,268 6,969,817 3,062,451 19,428,000 5,993,612 13,434,388
Agricultural
products353,287 36,405 316,882 440,486 28,345 412,141
Other
Cargoes622,821 157,365 465,456 1,509,337 301,264 1,208,073
TOTAL 11,008,376 7,163,587 3,844,789 21,377,823 6,323,221 15,054,602
7. Figures arenotavailable.
8. D.B. Turkish Cargo Lines isamember ofConturcon Conference onContinent Lineandit
has40%share ofthisConference.
9. Notavailable.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
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10.
CONTAINER TRAFFIC (AsoftheendofNovember 1994)
LOADING UNLOADING
20' 40' 20' 40'
EMPTY FULL EMPTY FULL EMPTY FULL EMPTY FULL
97,018 39,716 68,214 11,974 66,152 50,811 38,078 31,850
11. Figures arenotavailable.
Ports andAuxiliary Services
12. ThemajorportswhichhaveinternationalimportanceofTurkeyareAliaga,Iskenderun,Istanbul,
Izmir, Izmit, Mersin, Nemrut, Samsun andKaradeniz Ereglisi.
HANDLING SITUATION ONTURKISH MARITIME ORGANIZATION
(TDI) PORTS (TON)
Ports 1992 1993 1994 (for9months)
Hopa 67,718 64,589 8,144
Trabzon 104,443 171,823 80,418
Giresun 38,798 91,134 86,272
Tekirdag 1,673,758 1,257,919 1,274,697
Antalya 364,272 324,369 404,275
Izmir (Dikili &Güllük) 769,252 865,649 555,245
Istanbul Closed tothecargo traffics 131,744
Total 3,018,241 2,775,483 2,540,795
Goods exported andimported atTDIports inthelastthree years:
Ports 1992 1993 1994
Export
(Tons)Import
(Tons)Export
(Tons)Import
(Tons)Export
(Tons)Import
(Tons)
Hopa 49,751 17,967 12,237 52,352 60,000 8,080
Trabzon 8,554 95,889 10,915 160,908 17,661 62,757
Antalya 232,390 131,882 193,843 130,526 274,695 129,580
Giresun 26,788 12,010 49,691 41,443 36,612 49,760
Tekirdag 1,265,062 408,696 693,847 564,072 923,081 351,616
Total 1,582,245 666,444 960,533 949,301 1,312,049 601,793S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
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13. Foreign Agencies dealing withcargo andpassenger transportation arelisted asfollows:
1. RECA Handels GmbH undREISE AGENTHUR/Stuttgart -GERMANY
2. ANADOLU -Actief Reizen/Rotterdam -HOLLAND
3. MEDTRANS/Piraeus -GREECE
4. BASSANI S.P.A/Venise -ITALY
5. SUNGUEST Holiday Ltd./London -ENGLAND
6. RECA Handels GmbH/Basel -SWITZERLAND
7. ÖSTERREICHISCHES Verkehrsbüro/Wien -AUSTRIA
8. WORMS Services Maritimes/Marseille -FRANCE
9. TRANSCOMA/Barcelona -SPAIN
10. ALLOLOUF/Halifa -ISRAEL
Container Station andDepot Services: Yes
Maritime Agency Services: Yes
Maritime Freight Forwarding Services: No
Maritime Cargo Handling Services: Yes
Storage andWarehousing Services: Yes
Customs Clearance Services: No
Maintenance andRepair ofVessels: Yes
14. Loading andunloading operations atTekirdag, Dikili andGüllük ports, areprovided byprivate
companies inaccordance withthecontracts made between theportauthorities andcompanies.
II. Regulatory Structure
General
1. Thefollowing Authorities mayregulate matters concerning themaritime transport sectors:
a) Undersecretariat forMaritime Affairs
b) Ministry ofForeign Affairs
c) Turkish Maritime Organization
d) D.B.Turkish Cargo Lines
e) General Directorate ofTurkish State Railways
f) Chamber ofShipping
5. Portservices atHopa, Rize, Trabzon, Giresun, Ordu, Sinop, Istanbul, Tekirdag, Canakkale,
Dikili, Cesme, Kusadasi, Güllük, Marmaris, Antalya, Alanya portsareprovided byTurkish Maritime
Organizations which isapublic entity, andalsoGeneral Directorate ofState Railways (TCDD).
Loading andunloading operations atTekirdag, Dikili andGüllük portsareprovided byprivate
companies inaccordance withthecontracts made between theportauthorities andcompanies.
6. Thedefinition ofinternational maritime transport isthetransportation ofpersons and/or goods
byseafrom anyTurkish porttoanyforeign country orviceversa. Cabotage isexcluded.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
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7. Theexpression "national shipping enterprise" isdefined asanenterprise which hasownership
ofships orengages inthemanagement ofships andtransport bysea.
Market Access
8-11.N.A.
National Treatment
12. N.A.
Access toandUseofPortFacilities
13. Pilotage, towing andtugassistance, provisioning, fuelling andwatering, garbage collecting
andballast waste disposal, navigation aids,shore-based operational services essential toshipoperations,
including communications, water andelectrical supplies, emergency repair facilities, anchorage, berth
andberthing services areprovided atTDIandTCDD ports.
14. Loading andunloading operations atTekirdag, Dikili andGüllük portsareprovided byprivate
companies inaccordance withthecontracts made between theportauthorities andcompanies.
15. Allvessels haveaccess totheservices forwhich licences havebeenissued byHarbour Masters.
However, priority isgiven totheimportant ships withrespect totheircargoes andpassengers ships
withtariffs.
16. AllTDIandTCDD ports areopened toforeign-flag vessels.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
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17. There arenodiscriminatory measures between national andforeign vessels withrespect to
theaccess anduseofportandharbour facilities.
NATIONAL-FLAG PASSENGER VESSELS AND FERRIES OFTDI
Type ofvessels Name ofVessels Deadweight Ton Gross Ton
Passenger Akdeniz 3,536 8,809
Passenger Mavi Marmara 524 4,142
Passenger Ayvalik 632 1,926
Passenger Avsa 209 1,901
Passenger Uludag 209 1,901
Ferries Ankara 1,790 10,520
Ferries Samsun 1,788 10,583
Ferries Iskenderun 1,788 10,583
Ferries Truva 650 3,422
Ferries Tekirdag 963 3,213
Ferries Bandirma 963 3,213
Ferries Bozcaada 420 1,905
AllVessels 12 13,471 62,118
18. There isnodiscrimination between national andforeign flagvessels withrespect totheaccess
anduseofportfacilities.
19. None.
Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment
20-26. N.A.
Government Procurement
27-28. N.A.
Competition Law
29. N.A.
Shipping Conferences
30. Conturcon Conference isanenterprise which International Companies aremember ofthis
conference. Allcompanies canparticipate tothisconference.
31-34. N.A.S/NGMTS/W/2/Add.23
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Shipper/Carrier Relations
35. Therelations between shippers andcarriers areadministered according tothefreemarket
conditions.
36. Thisisdoneunder thefreemarket conditions.