WORLD TRADE IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
29April 1996
ORGANIZATION(96-1628)
Original: English Council forTrade-Related Aspects
ofIntellectual Property Rights
MAIN DEDICATED INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS AND REGULATIONS
NOTIFIED UNDER ARTICLE 63.2OFTHE AGREEMENT
Sweden
Thepresent document reproduces1thetextofthefollowing lawsandregulations, asnotified
bySweden under Article 63.2oftheAgreement (seedocument IP/N/1/SWE/1):
Page
- TheTrademarks Act(1960:644) 2
- Act(1995:1277) Amending theTrademarks Act(1960:644) 15
- Act(1995:1278) Amending theAct(1994:1510) 20
Amending theTrademarks Act(1969:644)
1InEnglish onlyIP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page2
THE MINISTRY OFJUSTICE
Stockholm
THE TRADEMARKS ACT
(Act1960:644 ofDecember 2,1960, aslastamended byLawNo1510 ofDecember 16,1994)
General Provisions
Article 1.Bymeans ofregistration inaccordance withthisAct,anexclusive right isacquired ina
trademark asaspecial symbol forthepurpose ofdistinguishing goods which aremade available in
thecourse ofabusiness activity.
Atrademark mayconsist ofanysigncapable ofbeing represented graphically, inparticular, words,
including personal names, aswellasdesigns, letters, numerals ortheshape ortheornamental aspects
ofgoods ortheirpackages, provided thatsuchsigns arecapable ofdistinguishing goods which are
made available inonebusiness activity from those which aremade available inanother one.
Theprovisions ofthisActinrespect ofgoods apply alsotoservices.
Special provisions apply inrespect ofcollective marks.
Article 2.Anexclusive rightinatrademark isacquired alsowithout registration when themark has
beenestablished onthemarket.
Bytheestablishment onthemarket anexclusive right isacquired alsoinother special symbols for
goods which arebeing usedinabusiness activity.
Asignshallbeconsidered tohavebecome established onthemarket when itis,inthiscountry, within
asignificant portion ofthecircle forwhich itisintended, known asasymbol forthegoods which
arebeing made available under it.
Article 3.Provided thatheusestheminaccordance withhonest practices inindustrial orcommercial
matters, anyone isentitled touse,inthecourse ofhisbusiness activity, asasymbol forhisgoods
-hisownfamily name, address ortrade name,
-indicationsconcerningthekind,quality,quantity,intendedpurpose,value,geographicalorigin,
thetimeoftheirproduction, orother characteristics ofthegoods.
Aperson conducting business activities alsoisprotected under thisActagainst other persons '
unauthorized useofhisfamily name, address ortrade name asasymbol forgoods.
Article 4.Therightinatrade symbol granted under Articles 1to3shallimply thatnoperson other
thantheowner isentitled touse,inthecourse ofbusiness activities, asymbol which isconfusingly
similar totheprotected oneforhisgoods, whether onthegoods orontheirpackages, inadvertising
oronbusiness documents orinanyotherway,including alsooralusethereof. Thisshallapply regardless
ofwhether thegoods areoffered forsaleorintended tobeoffered forsaleinthiscountry orabroad
orareimported here. Where therightinasymbol isbased onArticle 2andthesymbol hasnotbeen
established onthemarket intheentire country, theright isvalid onlyintheterritory where itis
established onthemarket.
Asunlawful useunder thefirstparagraph shallbedeemed alsowhen anyone inconnection withthe
saleofspare parts, accessories orthelikewhich aresuitable forusetogether withthegoods ofanotherIP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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person, makes reference tothesymbol ofthatother person insuchawayastocreate animpression
thatwhat isbeing offered forsaleoriginates from theowner ofthesymbol, orthattheowner has
consented totheuseofthatsymbol.
Ifgoods havebeenoffered forsaleunder acertain symbol andhavethereafter beenchanged orimpaired,
thesymbol maynotbeusedwhen thegoods areagain offered forsaleinthecourse ofbusiness activities
inthiscountry unless thechange isclearly indicated orisotherwise clearly evident.
Article 5.Theexclusive rightinatrade symbol doesnotextend tosuchparts ofthesymbol which
mainly serve atmaking thegoods ortheirpackaging more practical orotherwise serves purposes other
thanthatofbeing atrade symbol.
Article 6.Symbols shallbedeemed tobeconfusingly similar under thisActonlyiftheyrelate togoods
ofthesame kindorasimilar kind.
Confusing similarity maybeinvoked alsoforthebenefit ofasymbol which hasareputation inthis
country iftheuseofanother similar symbol would takeunfair advantage of,orwould bedetrimental
to,thedistinctive character orreputation ofthesymbol having thereputation.
Article 7.Inthesettlement ofadispute concerning rights intradesymbols which areconfusingly similar
toeachother, thesymbol which caninvoke theearlier legalbasisshallprevail, subject totheprovisions
ofArticles 8or9.
Article 8.Therightinaregistered trademark may, asregards goods forwhich ithasbeenused, exist
sidebysideofanearlier rightinaconfusingly similar symbol, iftheregistration wasapplied forin
good faithandtheowner iftheearlier rightwas,foraperiod offiveyears, aware of,andaccepted,
theuseoftheregistered trademark inthiscountry.
Article 9.Ifasymbol isestablished onthemarket, therightinthesaidsymbol mayexistsidebyside
withanearlier rightinaconfusingly similar symbol, iftheowner oftheearlier righthasnot,within
areasonable time, taken action against theuseofthelatersymbol.
Article 10.Inthecases provided forinArticles 8and9,itmay, according towhat isconsidered
reasonable, beordered thateither ofthesymbols, orbothofthem, maybeusedonlyinaspecial manner,
forinstance, inaparticular form, withtheaddition ofthename ofaplace orwithsome other
distinguishing feature.
Article 11.Authors, editors andpublishers ofdictionaries, manuals andother similar printed works
shall, attherequest oftheowner ofaregistered trademark, ensure thatthetrademark isnotreproduced
inthesaidwork unless there isaclearindication thatwhatisreproduced isaregistered trademark.
Anyone whofailstomeettheobligation under thefirstparagraph, shallbeliable tocooperate inthe
publication ofarectification insuchamanner andtosuchanextent thatisdeemed reasonable, and
topayforsucharectification.
OntheRegistration ofTrademarks
Article 12.Trademarks areregistered inthetrademark register, which, fortheentire country, iskept
bythePatent andRegistration Office.
Article 13.Atrademark mayberegistered onlyifitisdistinctive. Amark which, exclusively orwith
onlyminor changes oradditions, indicates thekind, quality, quantity, use,priceorgeographical originIP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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ofthegoods orthedateoftheirproduction shall notinitself bedeemed tobedistinctive. Inthe
assessment ofwhether amark isdistinctive consideration shallbegiven toallcircumstances andin
particular tothescale andthetimeoftheuseofthemark.
Asymbol consisting exclusively ofashape which results from thenature ofthegoods orofashape
which isnecessary toobtain atechnical result orofasignwhich gives asubstantial value tothegoods
maynotberegistered asatrademark.
Article 14.Atrademark maynotberegistered:
1)ifthemark contains suchaStateemblem orinternational emblem orsuchalocalauthority
coatofarms which under existing lawsorregulations maynotbeused, without permission, asa
trademark, oranything thatmaybeeasily confused therewith;
2)ifthemark islikely todeceive thepublic;
3)ifthemark isotherwise contrary tolawsorregulations orpublic order orislikely tocause
offence;
4)ifthemark contains orconsists ofelements which arelikely toconvey theimpression of
being another person 'stradename orthefamily name, artistic name orsimilar name ofanother person,
oranother person 'sportrait, unless thename ortheportrait obviously relates toaperson whoislong
deceased;
5)ifthemark contains anelement which islikely toconvey theimpression ofbeing thetitle
ofanother person 'sprotected literary orartistic work, where thetitleisdistinctive, orwhich would
violateanotherperson'scopyrightinaliteraryorartisticworkoranotherperson'srightinaphotographic
picture orinadesign;
6)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toaname oratradename which isbeing usedinthecourse
ofanother person 'sbusiness activities ortoanother person 'strademark which isregistered onthebasis
ofanearlier application, ortoanother person 'stradesymbol which isestablished onthemarket when
theapplication forregistration isfiled;
7)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toatrade symbol which, atthetimeoftheapplication,
isbeing usedbyanother person andtheapplicant hadknowledge about thatuseatthetimeofthe
application andhadnotusedthemark before theother symbol wasfirstused;
8)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toatrademark covered byaninternational registration
witheffect inSweden andforwhich thedatereferred toinArticle 55,second paragraph, precedes
thedateoftheapplication.
Incases referred toinitems 4),5)6)7)and8)theregistration maynevertheless beeffected ifthe
person whose rightisinvolved gives hisconsent andthere arethenoother obstacles according tothe
provisions ofthefirstparagraph.
Article 15.Anexclusive right inatrademark acquired through registration doesnotinclude such
elements ofthemark which cannotbythemselves beregistered.
Where amark contains suchanelement andthere arespecial reasons toassume thattheregistration
ofthemark maycause uncertainty about thescope oftheexclusive right, thiselement maybeexplicitly
excluded from theregistration.
Where itislatershown thatanelement ofamark which hasbeenexcluded from theprotection, has
become eligible forregistration, anewregistration maybeeffected ofthiselement ofthemark orof
theentire mark without suchanexception.
Article 16.Trademarks areregistered inoneormore classes. Theclassification ofgoods isestablished
bythePatent andRegistration Office.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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Article 17.Anyone whowants toregister atrademark shallfileanapplication inwriting tothateffect
withtheRegistrationAuthority.Theapplicationshallindicatethenameorthetradenameoftheapplicant
andthegoods forwhich themark isintended andtheclasses towhich those goods belong; inaddition,
themark shallbeclearly indicated.
Article 18.Ifanyone applies forregistration ofatrademark which hehasusedforthefirsttimefor
goods exhibited ataninternational exhibition andtheapplication isfiledwithin sixmonths fromthe
daywhen thegoods werefirstexhibited, theapplication shall, under theconditions prescribed bythe
Government, inrelation toother applications andtotheuseofother tradesymbols, bedeemed tohave
beenfiledonthatday.
Article 19.Iftheapplicant hasnotcomplied withtherequirements prescribed fortheapplication, or
iftheRegistration Authority considers thatthere areotherwise obstacles totheapproval ofthe
application, theapplicant shallberequested to,within acertain period oftime, either fileastatement
ormake acorrection, failing which theapplication shallbedeemed tohavebeenabandoned.
IftheRegistration Authority alsoafterthefiling ofastatement considers thatthere isanobstacle to
approving theapplication, theapplication shallberejected, unless there isareason forissuing anew
request totheapplicant.
Article 20.Iftheapplication documents arecomplete andthere arenoobstacles toeffecting the
registration, thetrademark shallbeentered intotheregister andanotice oftheentry bepublished.
Anyone whowants tooppose theregistration shalldosoinawritten communication totheRegistration
Authority within twomonths from thedateofthepublication.
TheRegistration Authority shallnotify theowner ofthemark about theopposition andgivehiman
opportunity tomake observations.
Even iftheopposition iswithdrawn, theopposition procedure maybecompleted, ifspecial reasons
therefore exist.
Article 21.Following anopposition, theRegistration Authority shallinvalidate theregistration ifthere
isanobstacle toit.Ifthere isanobstacle onlyinrespect ofpartofthegoods listed intheregistration,
theRegistration Authority shall, instead, ifthetrademark owner sodesires, invalidate theregistration
onlyasregards those goods.
TheRegistration Authority shallrefuse theopposition ifthere isnoobstacle totheregistration.
Anotice shallbepublished when thedecision oftheRegistration Authority concerning theopposition
hastaken legalforce. Ifthedecision implies thattheregistration isinvalidated wholly orinpart,this
factshallberecorded intheregister.
Article 22.Aregistration isvalidfromthedayonwhich theapplication wasfileduntiltenyears have
elapsed from thedateoftheregistration.
Theregistration mayberenewed following anapplication bytheowner, eachtimeforaperiod often
years from theexpiry oftheprevious registration period.
Article 23.Applications forrenewals shallbefiledinwriting withtheRegistration Authority notearlier
thanoneyearbefore andnotlaterthansixmonths afterthedateoftheexpiry oftheregistration.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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Iftheapplication concerns solely arenewal oftheregistration, thepayment oftherenewal feeshall
beconsidered asanapplication forrenewal.
Theprovisions ofArticle 19shallapply correspondingly toapplications forrenewal.
Article 24.Upon theapplication oftheowner ofaregistered trademark, insignificant alterations of
themark maybeentered intotheregister, provided thattheytonotaffect theoverall impression of
themark.
OntheTermination ofRegistration
Article 25.Ifatrademark hasbeenregistered contrary totheprovisions ofthisActandtheground
forrefusing theregistration stillexists, theregistration maybeinvalidated inthemanner stated below,
unless therightinthemark maynevertheless beallowed tocontinue toexistunder Articles 8and9.
Ifatrademark isconfusingly similar toanother person 'strademark, theregistration oftheformer mark
may,however, notbeinvalidated onthisground, ifthatothertrademark doesnotfulfiltherequirements
astoitsuseunder Article 25a.
Theregistration maybeinvalidated also
1)ifthemark isdeceptive,
2)ifitisnolonger distinctive,
3)ifitiscontrary topublic order, or
4)ifitislikely tocause offence.
Invalidation incaseonnon-use isprovided forinArticle 25a.
Article 25a.If,within fiveyears from thecompletion oftheregistration procedure, theowner of
aregistered trademark hasnotputthetrademark togenuine useinthiscountry inconnection with
thegoods forwhich ithasbeenregistered orifsuchusehasbeensuspended foranuninterrupted period
offiveyears, theregistration maybeterminated, unless there areproper reasons forthenon-use.
Thefollowing shallalsoconstitute usewithin themeaning ofthefirstparagraph
1)theuseofthetrademark inaform differing from theregistered one,where thedifference
concerns onlyinsignificant elements anddonotalterthedistinctive character ofthemark, and
2)theaffixing ofthetrademark togoods ortothepackaging thereof inthiscountry solely
forexport purposes.
Theuseofthetrademark bysomeone elsewiththeconsent oftheowner shallbedeemed toconstitute
usebytheowner.
Theregistration may, however, notbeinvalidated where thetrademark hasbeenputtogenuine use
during theinterval between theexpiry ofthefive-year period andtheapplication forinvalidation of
theregistration. Usewhich hascommenced orhasbeenresumed aftertheexpiry ofthefive-year period
butwithin three months preceding thefiling oftheapplication shall, however, bedisregarded where
thepreparations forthecommencement ortheresumption occur onlyaftertheowner becomes aware
ofthefactthatanapplication forinvalidation maybefiled.
Article 25b.Where grounds forinvalidation existonlyinrespect ofpartofthegoods forwhich a
trademark hasbeenregistered, theregistration shallbeinvalidated onlyasregards those goods.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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Article 26.Anyone whosuffers injury from aregistration isentitled tobring anaction inCourt for
theinvalidation oftheregistration. Anaction based ontheprovisions ofArticle 13,Article 14,items
1)to3),Article 25,second paragraph, Article 25aorArticle 25bmaybebrought alsobyaPublic
Authority asdecided bytheGovernment orbyanassociation ofpersons conducting business activities
inthesector concerned.
Withregard tothecompetence oftheCourt inacaseconcerning theinvalidation ofaregistration the
Stockholm CityCourt (Stockholms tingsrätt) shallbecompetent where theowner oftheregistration
doesnothavehisdomicile inSweden.
Article 27.When adecision ontheinvalidation ofaregistration hastaken legaleffect, themark shall
beremoved from theregister.
Theprovisions ofthefirstparagraph shallapply alsowhere theregistration isnotrenewed orwhere
theowner ofthemark requests intoberemoved from theregister.
Special Provisions Concerning theRegistration ofForeign Trademarks.
Article 28.Where aperson whodoes notconduct business activities inSweden applies forthe
registration ofatrademark, heshallberequired toshow thatthemarkisregistered forhiminhiscountry
oforigin inrespect ofthegoods covered bytheapplication inSweden.
Onconditionofreciprocity,theGovernmentmayprescribethattheprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraph
shallnotapply inrespect ofaspecified foreign State.
Article 29.Oncondition ofreciprocity, theGovernment mayprescribe thatatrademark which is
registered inaforeign State may, ontheconditions setoutintheorder, beregistered inSweden as
itisregistered intheforeign State. Asregards atrademark which would otherwise notberegistrable
here, sucharegistration shallhavenowider scope norbevalid foralonger timethanintheforeign
State.
Article 30.Inrespect ofcases where anapplication fortheregistration ofatrademark hasearlier been
filedoutside thiscountry, theGovernment mayprescribe that,ontheconditions setoutintheorder,
theapplication shall, inrelation toother applications andtotheusewhich hasoccurred ofother trade
symbols, beconsidered tohavebeenfiledatthesame timeastheapplication intheforeign country.
Article 31.Theowner ofaregistered trademark whodoesnothavehisdomicile inSweden shallhave
anattorney resident herewhoisempowered torepresent himinallmatters relating tothemark. An
entry ofthisfactshallbemade inthetrademark register.
Where nosuchempowered attorney isrecorded intheregister, theRegistration Authority shallrequest
theowner, under hislastavailable address, torectify thematter within adetermined period, failing
which themark shallberemoved from theregister.
OnAssignments andLicenses
Article 32.Where thebusiness activity towhich atrademark oratradesymbol asindicated inArticle
2,second paragraph, belongs istransferred, themark ofthesymbol shall, unless otherwise agreed,
bedeemed tobeincluded inthetransfer.
Article 33.Where aregistered trademark hasbeenassigned, anentryabout thisfactshall, uponrequest,
bemade inthetrademark register. Such anentry shall, however, notbemade where themark hasIP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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beenassigned without thetransfer ofthebusiness activity towhich themark belongs andtheuseof
themark bythenewowner isobviously deceptive tothepublic.
Astheowner ofatrademark shall, forthepurpose oflawsuits andother legalcases relating tothe
mark, beconsidered theperson whohaslastbeenentered intotheregister inthiscapacity.
Article 34.Theowner ofatrademark maygrant tosomeone elsetherighttousethetrademark (license)
forall,orpartof,thegoods forwhich thetrademark isregistered andfortheentire, orpartof,the
country. Thelicense maybeexclusive ornon-exclusive.
Theowner ofatrademark isentitled toinvoke therights conferred tothetrademark against alicensee
whocontravenes aprovision inthelicense agreement relating totheduration ofthelicense, theform
under which thetrademark maybeused, thescope ofgoods forwhich thelicense isgranted, theterritory
inwhich thetrademark maybeused, orthequality ofthegoods manufactured bythelicensee.
Thelicense shall, uponrequest, berecorded inthetrademark register. Sucharecordal shall, however,
notbemade where theuseofthetrademark bythelicensee would beobviously deceptive forthepublic.
Where itisshown thatthelicense hasexpired, theentry shallberemoved.
Unless otherwise agreed, thelicensee isnotentitled toassign hisrighttoanother person.
Theright inatrademark orinasymbol asmentioned inArticle 2,second paragraph, maynotbe
sequestered fordebt.Iftheowner isbankrupt andhisproperty taken overbyareceiver, therightshall,
however, beincluded inthebankruptcy estate.
OntheProhibition oftheUseofDeceptive Trade Symbols.
Article 35.Where atrade symbol, afterithasbeenassigned orhasbeenthesubject ofalicense, is
deceptive inthehands ofthenewowner orthelicensee, theCourt may,totheextent necessary, prohibit
himfrom using thesymbol.
Such aprohibition maybeissued alsoinother cases where atrade symbol isdeceptive orwhere a
trademark owner, or,withhisconsent, someone else,usesthesymbol insuchawayastodeceive
thepublic.
Actions under thissection maybebrought byanAuthority asdecided bytheGovernment andbyanyone
injured bytheuseofthesymbol orbyanassociation ofpersons conducting business activities inthe
fieldconcerned.
Article 36.When imposing afinetheCourt may, totheextent reasonable under thecircumstances,
order thatatradesymbol which has,contrary toaprohibition under Article 35,beenaffixed ongoods
ortheirpackaging, advertising material, business documents orthelikeshallberemoved oraltered
insuchawayasnottobedeceptive. Unless measures tothiseffect canbeaccomplished otherwise,
itmaybeordered thattheproperty bearing thetrade symbol bedestroyed oraltered inaspecified
manner.
Property ofthekindmentioned inthepreceding paragraph maybeseized pending theorder referred
tothere; theprovisions onseizure incriminal cases shallapply accordingly.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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Sanctions andDamages
Article 37.Where aperson commits aninfringement oftherightinatrade symbol asreferred toin
Articles 4to10(trademark infringement)shall, where theinfringement iscommitted wilfully orwith
gross negligence, bepunished byfinesorinfringement fornotmore thantwoyears. Aperson who
hasviolated aprohibition under thepenalty ofafineunder Article 37amaynotbeadjudicated to
criminal liability fortheinfringement covered bytheprohibition.
Attempts tocommit aninfringement under thefirstparagraph aswellasthepreparation ofsuchacts
shallbepunishable according totheprovisions ofChapter 23oftheCriminal Code.
Apublic prosecutor isentitled tobring anaction foraviolation asmentioned inthefirstandsecond
paragraphs onlyifthere isacomplaint from theinjured party andsuchanaction iscalled forinthe
public interest.
Article 37a.Attherequest bytheowner ofatrade symbol according toArticles 1to3oraperson
who, onthebasis ofalicense, hastherighttouseatrade symbol, theCourt mayissue aninjunction
prohibiting,underpenaltyofafine,apersonwhocommitsanactconstitutinganinfringementtocontinue
thatact.
Iftheplaintiff shows aprobable casethatanactconstituting aninfringement takes place anditcan
reasonably beassumed thatthedefendant, through thecontinuation oftheact,diminishes thevalue
oftheexclusive rightinthetradesymbol, theCourt mayissueaninjunction forthetimeuntilthecase
hasbeenfinally adjudicated orotherwise isdecided. Noinjunction maybeissued before thedefendant
hasbeengiven anopportunity torespond, unless adelay would entail ariskforinjury.
Aninjunction asmentioned inthesecond paragraph maybeissued onlyiftheplaintiff deposits asecurity
withtheCourt fortheinjury which maybecaused tothedefendant. Iftheplaintiff isnotcapable of
depositing suchasecurity, theCourt mayliberate himfrom making adeposit. Asregards thetype
ofsecurity, theprovisions ofChapter 2,Article 25,oftheEnforcement Code shallapply. Thesecurity
shallbeexamined bytheCourt unless thedefendant hasaccepted it.
When thecaseisadjudicated, theCourt shalldecide whether aprohibition under thesecond paragraph
shallcontinue toapply.
Theprovisions onappeal against decisions provided forinChapter 15oftheCode onJudicial Procedure
shallapply asregards appeals against decisions under thesecond andthirdparagraphs andasregards
proceedings inhigher Courts.
Arequest fortheimposition ofafinemaybemade bytheperson whohasrequested theinjunction.
Inconnection withsuchanimposition, arequest maybemade foranewinjunction totheissued under
penalty ofafine.
Asregards thecontents ofwireless broadcasts andbroadcasts bywire, theprovisions oftheRadio
Act(1966:755) shallapply.
Article 38.Anyone whowilfully orwithnegligence commits atrademark infringement shallpayan
equitable compensation fortheuseofthetrademark andcompensation forthefurther damage caused
bytheinfringement. Inthedetermination oftheamount ofthecompensation consideration alsothe
rightowner 'sinterest thatatrademark infringement notbecommitted andtoother circumstances of
other thanpurely economic importance shallbetaken intoaccount.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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Anyonewhowithoutintentionornegligencecommitsatrademarkinfringementshallpayacompensation
fortheuseofthetrademark, ifandtotheextent thatthisisconsidered reasonable.
Article 39.Where anaction relating toatrademark infringement isbased onaregistration under this
Act,Article 37shallnotapply asregards thetimeprior tothedateoftheregistration. Furthermore,
asregards thetimeprior tothepublication under Article 20,Article 38shallnotapply unless the
infringement wascommitted wilfully.
Article 40.Anaction forcompensation under Article 38mayrelate onlytoinjuries suffered during
thelastfiveyears before theaction wasbrought. Asregards injury forwhich anaction wasnotbrought
within thesaidperiod, therighttocompensation shallbelost.
Notwithstanding theprovisions inthepreceding paragraph, anaction may, where aclaim isbased on
aregistration under thisAct,bebrought forinfringement before thedateoftheregistration, provided
thattheaction isbrought within oneyearfrom thatdate.
Article 41.Attherequest ofaperson whohassuffered injury from atrademark infringement, the
Court may,totheextent considered reasonable inorder toprevent thecontinuation oftheinfringement,
decide thatatradesymbol which, without permission, appears ongoods, packages, advertising material,
business documents, oranyother object, shallberemoved oraltered. Where suchameasure cannot
beundertaken without thedestruction orthealteration inaspecified manner ofthegoods onwhich
thesymbol appears, theCourt mayissue anorder tothiseffect. InsuchacasetheCourt mayalso,
upon request, order theproperty tobesurrendered, against compensation, totheinjured party.
Upon request bytheperson whohassuffered theinfringement, theCourt may,totheextent considered
reasonable inorder toprevent thecontinuation oftheinfringement, decide thatproperty whose use
would constitute atrademark infringement shallbedestroyed oraltered inaspecified manner.
Property asreferred tointhefirstandsecond paragraphs maybeseized, where itcanreasonably be
assumed thataviolation under Article 37hasbeencommitted. Asregards suchseizure, theprovisions
onseizure incriminal cases ingeneral shallapply.
Theprovisions ofthefirsttothirdparagraphs apply alsoinrespect ofattempts andpreparations under
Article 37,second paragraph.
Article 42.Where theregistration ofatrademark hasbeeninvalidated through adecision orajudgement
thathastaken legalforce, theCourt maynotadjudicate asanction ordecide onother measures under
Articles 37to41.
Incases concerning suchaninfringement, theCourt shall, attherequest ofthedefendant, order the
proceedings inthecasetobesuspended untilthequestion oftheinvalidation oftheregistration has
beenfinally decided. Where proceedings fortheinvalidation havenotbeeninitiated, theCourt shall,
inconnection withtheorder forsuspension, allow thedefendant acertain period within which such
anaction shallbebrought.
Article 43.Aperson whoholds alicense inrespect ofatrade symbol andwhointends tobring an
action forinfringement shallnotify theowner ofthesymbol ofthisfact,failing which hisaction shall
notbetaken intoconsideration.
Article 44.Anaction relating towhether ornotarightexists inatrade symbol orwhether ornota
certain actconstitutes infringement insucharightshallbeheard bytheCourt where anuncertainty
exists inthese respects andtheuncertainty causes injury totheplaintiff.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
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Theprovisions ofArticle 43shallapply correspondingly insuchcases.
Article 45.TheCourt shalltransmit copies tothePatent andRegistration Office ofjudgements incases
relating totrademark infringements andincases referred toinArticles 26,35and44.
OnPublication, Appeals, etc.
Article 46.Inaddition totheactsofpublication mentioned inArticles 20and21,anotice shallbe
published concerning therenewal ofaregistration under Article 22,thealteration ofaregistered mark
under Article 24,theremoval ofaregistration under Articles 27and31andtherecordal intheregistry
ofanassignment under Article 33orofalicense under Article 34.
Article 47.Afinaldecision bytheRegistration Authority relating toanapplication forregistration
ofatrademark maybeappealed against bytheapplicant where thedecision goesagainst him.Afinal
decision relating toanopposition against aregistration maybeappealed against bytheowner ofthe
trademark andtheopponent where itgoesagainst theperson whowants tolodge anappeal. Even if
theopponent withdraws hisappeal, thecasemaystillbebrought toadecision where special reasons
therefore exist.
Appeals under thefirstparagraph shallbelodged withtheCourt ofPatent Appeals (Patentbesvärsrätten)
within twomonths from thedateofthedecision.
AfinaldecisionbytheCourtofPatentAppealsmaybeappealedagainstwiththeSupremeAdministrative
Court (Regeringsrätten) within twomonths from thedateofthedecision. Asregards appeals tothe
Supreme Administrative Court theprovisions ofArticles 35to37oftheActonAdministrative
Proceedings (Act1971:291) shallapply. Thedecision oftheCourt ofPatent Appeals shallcontain
anindication ofthefactthataspecial permission hastobeobtained inorder forthecasetobebrought
totheSupreme Administrative Court andofthegrounds onwhich suchpermission maybegranted.
Article 48.TheGovernment or,totheextent decided bytheGovernment, theRegistration Authority,
shallissuedetailedregulationsconcerningwhattheapplicantforaregistrationhastoobserve,concerning
thepublication ofnotices mentioned inArticles 20,21and46andother proceedings insuchmatters,
andconcerning theproceedings inappeal cases aswellasconcerning thekeeping ofthetrademark
register.
Afeetoanamount decided bytheGovernment shall bepaidforapplications forregistration of
trademarks, foralterations inregistered trademarks under Article 24andforrecordal intheregister
ofassignments andlicenses. Ahigher feeshallbeprescribed where applications forrenewal arefiled
aftertheexpiry oftheregistration period.
Provisions ontheEntry intoForce andTransitional Provisions
Article 49.ThisActshallenter intoforce onJanuary 1,1961.
OntheInternational Registration ofMarks
Article 50.An"international registration" ofatrademark means aregistration ofatrademark effected
bytheInternational Bureau oftheWorld Intellectual Property Organization under theProtocol ofJune
27,1989, Relating totheMadrid Agreement Concerning theInternational Registration ofMarks of
April 14,1891.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page12
ThePatent andRegistration Office istheNational Trademark Authority inmatters relating tothe
international registration ofmarks.
Article 51.Anyone whowants toobtain aninternational registration ofatrademark andwho,inSweden,
owns, orhasapplied for,aregistration ofatrademark andwhois,furthermore, aSwedish citizen
orhashisdomicile hereorhasarealandeffective industrial orcommercial establishment here, shall
fileanapplication tothiseffect withtheNational Trademark Authority.
Ifanapplication foraninternational registration ofatrademark hasbeen filedwiththeNational
Trademark Authority under thefirstparagraph andtheapplicant ortheowner hashisaddress inSweden,
alsosubsequent requests forterritorial extension ofthatregistration shallbefiledwithtotheNational
Trademark Authority.
Article 52.Anyapplication shallbeinwriting intheEnglish language andcontain theindications
specified bytheGovernment orbytheAuthority asdecided bytheGovernment.
Article 53.TheNational Trademark Authority shallverify thattheindications intheapplication for
theinternational registration ofthemark correspond totheindications inthetrademark registration
which theapplicant owns, orhasapplied for,inSweden.
Iftheindications donotcorrespond, theapplicant shallberequested tocorrect, within acertain period
oftime, theindications intheinternational application, failing which theapplication shallberejected.
Ifthereissuchacorrespondence asreferred tointhefirstparagraph, theNational Trademark Authority
shall, together withtheapplication, transmit acertificate about thisfacttotheInternational Bureau
notlaterthanonemonth fromthedateofthereceipt oftheapplication bytheAuthority or,ifarequest
hasbeenissued under thesecond paragraph, notlaterthanonemonth from theexpiry oftheperiod
oftimeprescribed forcompliance withthatrequest.
Article 54.IftheNational Trademark Authority receives anotification fromtheInternational Bureau
totheeffect thataperson other thanonereferred toinArticle 51hasrequested anextension ofthe
territorialeffectofaninternationalregistrationofamarktoSweden,theAuthorityshallexaminewhether
there isanobstacle toadmitting suchaneffect.
Suchanobstacle exists ifthetrademark referred tointheinternational registration doesnotfulfilthe
requirements under Article 13orifanobstacle toanational registration would haveexisted according
toArticle 14.
Article 55.Ifthere isanobstacle totheregistration according toArticle 54,second paragraph, the
National Trademark Authority shall, within 18months from thedateofthenotification referred to
inArticle 54,firstparagraph, notify theInternational Bureau thattheinternational registration can
nothaveeffect inSweden andstatethegrounds therefore.
Ifthere isnoobstacle according toArticle 54,second paragraph, anotice ofthenotification fromthe
International Bureau shallbepublished. Thenotice shallstatethedatewhich theInternational Bureau
hasindicated asthedateoftheinternational registration.
Anyone whowants tooppose theeffect oftheinternational registration inSweden shallfileawritten
communication withtheNational Trademark Authority within twomonths from thedateofthe
publication.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page13
Article 56.After theexpiry ofthetimelimitindicated inArticle 55,thirdparagraph, theNational
Trademark Authority shall, ifthere isnoobstacle toit,decide thattheinternational registration shall
haveeffect inSweden. When thatdecision hastaken legaleffect, thetrademark shallbeentered into
theregister andanotice ofthisfactbepublished.
Ifthere isanobstacle toadmitting theeffect inSweden oftheinternational registration, theNational
Trademark authority shalldecide thattheinternational registration shallnothaveanyeffect inthis
country. Thedecision shallindicate thegrounds which havedetermined theresult. IftheNational
Trademark Authority hasnotpreviously transmitted anotification under Article 55,firstparagraph,
itshallcommunicate thedecision totheInternational Bureau within 18months from thedateofthe
notification referred toinArticle 54,firstparagraph, or,ifthetimeperiod indicated inArticle 55,
thirdparagraph, expires later, within onemonth fromtheexpiry ofthatperiod. Inthelatter case, the
National Trademark Authority shall, within 18months from thedateofthenotification referred to
inArticle 54,firstparagraph, notify theInternational Bureau thatadecision asjustreferred tomay
becommunicated later. When thedecision thattheinternational registration shallnothaveanyeffect
inSweden hastaken legalforce, anotice ofthisfactshallbepublished.
Article 57.Adecision thataninternational registration shallhaveeffect inSweden shallbevalid as
fromthedatewhich theInternational Bureau hasindicated asthedateoftheinternational registration.
Theprovisions ofArticle 1,thirdparagraph, Articles 3to11,25to27and32to45shallapply to
suchregistrations. Theprovisions inthose Articles referring toaregistration shallinstead apply to
adecision thataninternational trademark registration shallhaveeffect inSweden.
Article 58.Ifatrademark which isthesubject ofanational registration inSweden alsobecomes the
subject ofaninternational trademark registration witheffect inthiscountry, theinternational registration
shallreplace theSwedish one,without prejudice toanyrights which mayhavebeenacquired byvirtue
oftheregistration inthiscountry andprovided thattheowner isthesame andthatallthegoods listed
intheregistration inthiscountry arealsolisted intheinternational registration.
Anindication ofthereplacement referred tointhefirstparagraph shall, upon request bytheowner,
beentered intothetrademark register andanotice bepublished.
Article 59.Ifaninternational registration ofatrademark witheffect inSweden looses itseffect, wholly
orinpart,alsoitseffect inthiscountry shallcease correspondingly. Anindication ofthisfactshall
beentered intothetrademark register andanotice bepublished.
Article 60.Ifaninternational registration ofatrademark witheffect inSweden ceases within fiveyears
fromthedatereferred toinArticle 55,second paragraph, ontheground thatthenational registration,
ortheapplication forsucharegistration, cannolonger formthebasisforaninternational registration
andtheowner ofthemark thereafter applies foraregistration ofthesame mark inSweden, this
application shallbedeemed tohavebeenfiledonthedatereferred toinArticle 55,second paragraph,
provided that
1.theapplication isfiledwithin three months from thedateofthetermination oftheinternational
registration,
2.thegoods listed intheSwedish application were alsocovered bytheeffect oftheinternational
registration inSweden, and
3.theapplication alsootherwise complies withtherequirements foraregistration assetoutinthis
Actandtheprescribed feesarepaid.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page14
Anindication ofthetermination oftheinternational registration oroftheapplication referred toin
thefirstparagraph shallbeentered intothetrademark register andanotice bepublished.
Article 61.Ifaninternational registration ofatrademark witheffect inSweden ceases because a
Contracting Party totheProtocol mentioned inArticle 50hasdenounced theProtocol andtheowner
ofthemark thereafter applies foraregistration ofthesame mark inSweden, thisapplication shall
bedeemed tohavebeenfiledonthedatereferred toinArticle 55,second paragraph, provided that
1.theapplication isfiledwithin twoyears from thedatewhen thedenounciation tookeffect,
2.thegoods listed intheSwedish application were alsocovered bytheeffect oftheinternational
registration inSweden,
3.theapplication alsootherwise complies withtherequirements forregistration under thisActand
theprescribed feesarepaid.
Anindication ofthetermination oftheinternational registration orabout theapplication referred to
inthefirstparagraph shallbeentered intothetrademark register andanotice bepublished.
Article 62.Anotice shallbepublished ofrenewals ofregistration periods, ofremovals under Articles
57and27ofdecisions thataninternational registration ofamark shallhaveeffect inSweden andof
entries made ofassignments orlicenses relating torights derived from aninternational registration.
Article 63.Afinaldecision bytheNational Trademark Authority inamatter relating toaninternational
registration ofamark maybeappealed against bytheperson whohasapplied forsuchaninternational
registration andbytheperson whohasrequested aterritorial extension oftheeffect ofsucharegistration
tothiscountry, ifthedecision goesagainst him.
Adecision thataninternational registration shallhaveeffect inthiscountry inspiteofanopposition
maybeappealed bytheopponent. Even ifhewithdraws hisappeal thecasemaystillbebrought to
decision ifspecial reasons therefore exist.
Theprovisions ofArticles 47,second andthirdparagraphs, shallapply toappeals referred tointhe
firstandsecond paragraphs.
Article 64.TheGovernment ortheAuthority asdecided bytheGovernment mayissue regulations
regarding thepublication ofnotices under Articles 55,56and58to62andregarding other procedures
tobeapplied incases concerning theinternational registration ofmarks.
Afeetoanamount specified bytheGovernment shallbepaidinrespect ofanyapplication foran
international registration ofamark, inrespect ofanyexamination ofwhether sucharegistration shall
haveeffect inSweden andinrespect ofanyrequest thatanentry shallbemade intheregister ofan
assignment oralicense orofmatters referred toinArticles 58,60or61.
Note
TheActentered intoforce onJanuary 1,1961.
Article 14,firstparagraph (8)andsecond paragraph, asamended byLawNo1510 ofDecember 16,
1994, andArticles 50to64,willenter intoforce onthedatedecided bytheGovernment.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page15
THE MINISTRY OFJUSTICE
Stockholm
ACT
AMENDING THE TRADEMARKS ACT (1960:644)
(ActNo1995:1277, ofDecember 7,1995).
InaccordancewiththedecisionbytheParliamentitishereby,asregardstheTrademarksAct(1960:644),
prescribed
thatArticles 1,14,34,43and48shallreadasfollows,
thattheheadline immediately before Article 32shallread"OnAssignments, Licenses andPledges",
and
thatintheActshallbeinserted 13newArticles, numbered 34a-34jand65-67,and,immediately
before Article 65a,anewheadline, reading asfollows.
Article 1.Bymeans ofregistration inaccordance withthisAct,anexclusive rightisacquired ina
trademark asaspecial symbol forthepurpose ofdistinguishing goods which aremade available in
thecourse ofabusiness activity.
Atrademark mayconsist ofanysigncapable ofbeing represented graphically, inparticular, words,
including personal names, aswellasdesigns, letters, numerals ortheshape ortheornamental aspects
ofgoods ortheirpackages, provided thatsuchsigns arecapable ofdistinguishing goods which are
made available inonebusiness activity from those which aremade available inanother one.
Theprovisions ofthisActinrespect ofgoods apply alsotoservices.
Special provisions apply inrespect ofcollective marks.
Thenotion "Community trademarks" means trademarks under theCouncil Regulation (EC)No40/94
of20December 1993 ontheCommunity trade mark.
Article 14.Atrademark maynotberegistered:
1)ifinthemark has,without authorization, beenincluded suchaStateemblem orinternational
emblem orsuchalocalauthority coatofarms which under existing lawsorregulations maynotbe
used, without authorization, asatrademark, oranything thatmaybeeasily confused therewith;
2)ifthemark islikely todeceive thepublic;
3)ifthemark isotherwise contrary tolawsorregulations orpublic order orislikely tocause
offence;
4)ifthemark contains orconsists ofelements which arelikely toconvey theimpression of
being another person 'stradename orthefamily name, artistic name orsimilar name ofanother person,
oranother person 'sportrait, unless thename ortheportrait obviously relates toaperson whoislong
deceased;
5)ifthemark contains anelement which islikely toconvey theimpression ofbeing thetitle
ofanother person 'sprotected literary orartistic work, where thetitleisdistinctive, orwhich would
violateanotherperson'scopyrightinaliteraryorartisticworkoranotherperson'srightinaphotographic
picture orinadesign;
6)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toaname oratradename which isbeing usedinthecourse
ofanother person 'sbusiness activities ortoanother person 'strademark which isregistered onthebasis
ofanearlier application, ortoanother person 'strade symbol which isestablished onthemarket when
theapplication forregistration isfiled;IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page16
7)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toatrade symbol which, atthetimeoftheapplication,
isbeing usedbyanother person andtheapplicant hadknowledge about thatuseatthetimeofthe
application andhadnotusedthemark before theother symbol wasfirstused;
8)ifthemarkisconfusinglysimilartoanotherperson'sCommunitytrademarkwhichisregistered
onthebasis ofanearlier application.
Ifthemark isconfusingly similar toaCommunity trademark which isregistered onthebasisofalater
application, anobstacle toregistration exists iftheholder oftheCommunity trademark may,asregards
thatmark, claim thepriority ofanearlier trademark according totheCouncil Regulation onthe
Community trademark andtheearlier trademark isregistered onthebasis ofanearlier application.
Thisapplies evenwhere theearlier trademark hasnotbeenmaintained orrenewed.
Incases referred tointhefirstparagraph, item8),confusing similarity may, evenwhere themarks
donotrefertogoods orservices ofthesame kindorasimilar kind, beinvoked forthebenefit ofa
Community trademark having areputation within theCommunity, where theuseofanother similar
trademark would takeunfair advantage of,orwould bedetrimental tothedistinctive character or
reputation of,theCommunity trademark having thereputation.
Incases referred tointhefirstparagraph, items 4)to8)andthesecond andthird paragraphs the
registration maynevertheless beeffected iftheperson whose rightisinvolved gives hisconsent thereto
andthere arenoother obstacles according totheprovisions ofthefirstparagraph.
Article 34.Theowner ofatrademark maygrant tosomeone elsetherighttousethetrademark (license)
forall,orpartof,thegoods forwhich thetrademark isregistered andfortheentire, orpartof,the
country. Thelicense maybeexclusive ornon-exclusive.
Theowner ofatrademark isentitled toinvoke therights conferred tothetrademark against alicensee
whocontravenes aprovision inthelicense agreement relating totheduration ofthelicense, theform
under which thetrademark maybeused, thekindofgoods forwhich thelicense isgranted, theterritory
inwhich thetrademark maybeused, orthequality ofthegoods manufactured bythelicensee.
Thelicense shall, uponrequest, berecorded intheTrademark Register. Sucharecordal shall, however,
notbemade where theuseofthetrademark bythelicensee would beobviously deceptive forthepublic.
Where itisshown thatthelicense hasexpired, theentry shallberemoved.
Unless otherwise agreed, thelicensee isnotentitled toassign hisrighttoanother person.
Therightinatradesymbol asmentioned inArticle 2,firstorsecond paragraph, maynotbesequestered
fordebt. Iftheowner isbankrupt andhisproperty taken overbyareceiver, therightshall, however,
beincluded inthebankruptcy estate.
Article 34a.Therightinaregistered trademark orinanapplication forregistration ofatrade mark
maybepledged under theprovisions contained inArticles 34b-34j.
Article 34b.Apledge inaproperty asreferred toinArticle 34acomes intobeing through the
registration ofawritten contract concerning thepledge intheproperty. Theapplication forregistration
shallbefiledwiththeRegistration Authority.
Thetransfer ofaregistered pledge toanother person shall, upon application, berecorded inthe
Trademark Register orinthediary oftheTrademark Authority.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page17
Ifapledge hasbeenmade forthebenefit ofeachoneofseveral persons, priority shall, unless otherwise
agreed, beaccorded tothepledge concerning which anapplication forrecordal firstwasreceived by
theRegistration Authority.
Ifseveral applications forrecordal aremade onthesame day,priority between them shall, unless
otherwise agreed, begiven according tothetimesequence inwhich theyaremade. Where the
applications arefiledsimultaneously, orwhere thesequence cannotbedetermined, theyshall be
considered tohaveequal validity.
Article 34c.Anapplication forrecordal according toArticle 34bshallbemade bytheperson who
hastherightinthetrademark orinthetrademark application ortowhom apledge hasbeengranted.
Theapplicant shallprove therightofthepledger inthetrademark orthetrademark application.
Theperson whoisindicated intheTrademark Register astheowner ofaregistered trademark shall
beconsidered toholdtherightinthemark, unless otherwise follows from thecircumstances inthe
case.Iftheapplication forrecordal relates toanapplication forregistration ofatrademark, theperson
whohas,inthediary oftheTrademark Authority, beenrecorded astheapplicant shallbeconsidered
toholdtheright intheapplication forregistration ofthetrademark, unless otherwise follows from
thecircumstances inthecase.
Theapplication shallnotbeapproved where thepledger, when theapplication forrecordal isfiled,
isnotentitled todispose oftheproperty pledged, duetolegalseizure, bankruptcy, minority, measures
toensure payment, provisional attachment oranyother reason.
Article 34d.Acontract relating toapledge mayberegistered when thetrademark hasbeenregistered
or,where thecontract relates toanapplication forregistration ofatrademark, when theapplication
hasbeenrecorded inthediary oftheRegistration Authority.
Ifanapplication fortheregistration ofatrademark which hasbeenpledged results intheregistration
ofthemark, therightintheregistered trademark isthereafter tobeconsidered astheobject pledged.
Article 34e.Even where apledge hasbeenregistered, thepledge intheproperty pledged isvalid
onlywhere thecontract relating tothepledge hasbeenconcluded bysomeone whoistherealowner
oftheproperty pledged andisentitled todispose ofit,andthecontract isnotnullandvoidforany
other reason.
Article 34f.Thepledge becomes invalid where therightinthetrademark ortheapplication forthe
registration ofthetrademark isnolonger valid onthebasis oftheprovisions inthisAct.
Article 34g.Theregistration ofapledge shallberemoved from theTrademark Register where the
pledge hasbeendeclared nullandvoidthrough ajudgement having legaleffect, orthepledge hasbecome
invalid orotherwise hasceased toexist.
Article 34h.Apledge is,asagainst aperson wholateracquires aproprietary rightoranother right
intheproperty, valid asfrom thetimeoftheapplication forregistration under Article 34b.
Alicense contract isvalid asagainst thepledgee, where thecontract hasbeenconcluded before the
application forregistration ofthepledge contract.
Article 34i.Other legal provisions onrights inpledges incaseoflegal seizure orinthecaseof
bankruptcy apply alsototherightinpledges relating toatrademark oranapplication fortheregistration
ofatrademark. When anapplication forregistration under Article 34bisfiledwiththeRegistrationIP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page18
Authority, thisresults inthesamelegaleffects aswhen apledgee takespossession ofanitemofmovable
property.
Where apledged trademark orapledged application fortheregistration ofatrademark hasbeensold
inconnection withalegalseizure orabankruptcy, suchlicense agreements asreferred toinArticle
34h,second paragraph, continue tobevalid.
Article 34j.Thepledgee isentitled tosellthepledge andcover hisclaim from thesumobtained by
thesaleonlywhere hehas,before, informed thedebtor andother known persons concerned about
thesaleandtheyhavebeengiven areasonable period oftimetotakecareoftheirinterests.
License contracts asreferred toinArticle 34h.continue tobevalid alsoafterasalereferred toin
thisArticle.
Article 43.Alicensee whointends tobring anaction forinfringement inrespect ofatrade symbol
shallnotify theowner ofthesymbol ofthisfact,failing which hisaction shallnotbetaken upfor
consideration.
Thesameapplies where apledgee intends tobring anaction inrelation toaninfringement intheproperty
pledged.
Article 47.Afinaldecision bytheRegistration Authority relating toanapplication forregistration
ofatrademark maybeappealed against bytheapplicant where thedecision goesagainst him.Afinal
decision relating toanopposition against aregistration maybeappealed against bytheowner ofthe
trademark andtheopponent where itgoesagainst theperson whowants tolodge anappeal. Even if
theopponent withdraws hisappeal, thecasemaystillbebrought toadecision where special reasons
therefore exist.
Appeals under thefirstparagraph shallbelodged withtheCourt ofPatent Appeals (Patentbesvärsrätten)
within twomonths from thedateofthedecision.
AfinaldecisionbytheCourtofPatentAppealsmaybeappealedagainstwiththeSupremeAdministrative
Court (Regeringsrätten) within twomonths from thedateofthedecision. Asregards appeals tothe
Supreme Administrative Court theprovisions ofArticles 35to37oftheActonAdministrative
Proceedings (Act1971:291) shallapply. Thedecision oftheCourt ofPatent Appeals shallcontain
anindication ofthefactthataspecial permission hastobeobtained inorder forthecasetobebrought
totheSupreme Administrative Court andofthegrounds onwhich suchpermission maybegranted.
Article 48.TheGovernment or,totheextent decided bytheGovernment, theRegistration Authority,
mayissuedetailed regulations concerning whattheapplicant foraregistration hastoobserve, concerning
thepublication ofnotices mentioned inArticles 20,21and46andother proceedings insuchmatters,
andconcerning theproceedings inappeal casesreferred toinArticle 47aswellasconcerning thekeeping
oftheTrademark Register.
Afeetoanamount decided bytheGovernment shall bepaidforapplications forregistration of
trademarks, foralterations inregistered trademarks under Article 24,fortheregistration ofpledges,
andforregistration intheRegister ofassignments andlicenses. Ahigher feeshallbeprescribed where
applications forrenewal arefiledaftertheexpiry oftheregistration period.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page19
OnCommunity Trademarks
Article 65.Anyone whofiles, withtheRegistration Authority, anapplication fortheregistration of
aCommunity trademark fortransmittal under Article 25.2. oftheCouncil Regulation ontheCommunity
Trade Mark shallpayafeetoanamount decided bytheGovernment. Thesame applies toanyone
whorequests thetransformation ofaCommunity trademark, orofanapplication foraCommunity
trademark, toanapplication foraregistration ofatrademark, orwhorequests acertificate under Article
89.3. oftheCouncil Regulation.
Article 66.Theprovisions ofArticle 37onliability fortrademark infringements apply alsoto
infringements inrespect ofaCommunity trademark. Theprovisions ofArticles 37ato41apply to
theextent thatotherwise notfollows from theCouncil Regulation ontheCommunity Trade Mark.
Inthisrespect whatissaidabout trademark infringement shallapply totheinfringement ofaCommunity
trademark.
Article 67.TheDistrict Court ofStockholm shallhavejurisdiction incases referred toinArticle 66
ofthisActandinArticle 92oftheCouncil Regulation ontheCommunity trade mark.
--------------------------
ThisActenters intoforce onJanuary 1,1996.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page20
THE MINISTRY OFJUSTICE
Stockholm
ACT
AMENDING THE ACT (1994:1510) AMENDING THE TRADEMARKS ACT (1960:644).
(Swedish Statute Book 1995:1278, ofDecember 7,1995).
Inaccordance withthedecision bytheParliament itishereby prescribed thatArticles 14and57of
theTrademarksAct(1960:644)intheirwordingundertheAct(1994:1510)AmendingtheActmentioned
shallreadasfollows
Article 14.Atrademark maynotberegistered:
1)ifinthemark has,without authorization, beenincluded suchaStateemblem orinternational
emblem orsuchalocalauthority coatofarms which under existing lawsorregulations maynotbe
used, without authorization, asatrademark, oranything thatmaybeeasily confused therewith;
2)ifthemark islikely todeceive thepublic;
3)ifthemark isotherwise contrary tolawsorregulations orpublic order orislikely tocause
offence;
4)ifthemark contains orconsists ofelements which arelikely toconvey theimpression of
being another person 'stradename orthefamily name, artistic name orsimilar name ofanother person,
oranother person 'sportrait, unless thename ortheportrait obviously relates toaperson whoislong
deceased;
5)ifthemark contains anelement which islikely toconvey theimpression ofbeing thetitle
ofanother person 'sprotected literary orartistic work, where thetitleisdistinctive, orwhich would
violateanotherperson'scopyrightinaliteraryorartisticworkoranotherperson'srightinaphotographic
picture orinadesign;
6)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toaname oratradename which isbeing usedinthecourse
ofanother person 'sbusiness activities ortoanother person 'strademark which isregistered onthebasis
ofanearlier application, ortoanother person 'stradesymbol which isestablished onthemarket when
theapplication forregistration isfiled;
7)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toatrade symbol which, atthetimeoftheapplication,
isbeing usedbyanother person andtheapplicant hadknowledge about thatuseatthetimeofthe
application andhadnotusedthemark before theother symbol wasfirstused;
8)ifthemark isconfusingly similar toatrademark covered byaninternational registration
witheffect inSweden andforwhich thedatereferred toinArticle 55,second paragraph, precedes
thedateoftheapplication;
9)ifthemarkisconfusingly similar toaCommunity trademark owned byanother person which
isregistered onthebasis ofanearlier application.
Ifthemark isconfusingly similar toaCommunity trademark which isregistered onthebasisofalater
application, anobstacle toregistration exists iftheholder oftheCommunity trademark may,asregards
thatmark, claim thepriority ofanearlier trademark according totheCouncil Regulation onthe
Community trademark mayandtheearlier trademark isregistered onthebasisofanearlier application.
Thisapplies evenwhere theearlier trademark hasnotbeenmaintained orrenewed.
Incases referred tointhefirstparagraph, item9),confusing similarity may, evenwhere themarks
donotrefertogoods orservices ofthesame kindorasimilar kind, beinvoked forthebenefit ofa
Community trademark having areputation within theCommunity, where theuseofanother similar
trademark would takeunfair advantage of,orwould bedetrimental tothedistinctive character or
reputation of,theCommunity trademark having thereputation.IP/N/1/SWE/T/1
Page21
Incases referred tointhefirstparagraph, items 4)to9),andthesecond andthird paragraphs, the
registration maynevertheless beeffected iftheperson whose rightisinvolved gives hisconsent and
there arenoother obstacles according totheprovisions ofthefirstparagraph.
Article 57.Adecision thataninternational registration shallhaveeffect inSweden shallbevalid as
fromthedatewhich theInternational Bureau hasindicated asthedateoftheinternational registration.
Theprovisions ofArticle 1,third paragraph, Articles 3to11,25to27and32to45shallapply to
suchregistrations. Theprovisions inthose Articles referring toaregistration shallinstead apply to
adecision thataninternational trademark registration shallhaveeffect inSweden.
Theprovisions ontrademark applications inArticles 34ato34jshallapply alsotorequests under
Article 54,firstparagraph, thataninternational trademark registration shallhaveeffect inSweden.
--------------------------
ThisActenters intoforce onJanuary 1,1996.