RESTRICTED
WORLD TRADE IP/C/W/15
20November 1995
ORGANIZATION(95-3607)
Council forTrade-Related Aspects ofIntellectual Property Rights
NOTIFICATION PROVISIONS OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CONVENTIONS
INCORPORATED BYREFERENCE INTO THE TRIPS AGREEMENT
BUT NOT EXPLICITLY REFERRED TOINIT
Background Note bytheSecretariat
1. Atitsmeeting of21September 1995, theTRIPS Council, discussing those notification
requirements under theprovisions oftheBerne Convention andtheRome Convention thatwere
incorporated byreference intotheTRIPS Agreement butnotexplicitly referred toinitandwhich had
beenlisted inparagraphs 7to9ofdocument PC/IPL/7/Add.1, requested theSecretariat toprepare
abackground document setting out,first,thenature ofthevarious notification provisions inquestion;
second, theinformation thattheSecretariat would beabletoobtain, withtheassistance ofWIPO and
theUnited Nations Legal Office, onthenotifications thathadalready beenmade under therelevant
provisions oftheBerne Convention andtheRome Convention byTRIPS Members; andthird, taking
intoaccount thewaytheTRIPS Agreement hadhandled other notification provisions, come forward
withoptions forhowtheTRIPS Council might giveeffect alsotothese requirements. Thepurpose
ofthisnoteistorespond tothisrequest.
2. Annex 1tothisnotecontains thenotifications already made pursuant totherelevant provisions
oftheBerne Convention andtheRome Convention andwhich arecurrently effective. Thepartof
theAnnex relating totheBerne Convention isprepared onthebasisofalistofthenotifications issued
inrespect oftherelevant provisions oftheBerne Convention andtheAppendix thereto provided on
17October 1995 bytheInternational Bureau oftheWIPO, whose Director General isthedepositary
oftheStockholm Act(1967) andtheParisAct(1971) oftheBerne Convention. ThepartoftheAnnex
relating totheRome Convention isprepared onthebasis ofalistofStates parties totheRome
Convention andthecorresponding texts ofreservations anddeclarations thatwasprovided on
29March 1995 bytheTreaty Section oftheOffice ofLegal Affairs oftheUnited Nations, whose
Secretary-General isthedepositary oftheConvention. Thedepositary notifications aredrafted by
bothorganizations inEnglish andFrench only. Thecomplete listings andother information provided
byWIPO andtheUnited Nations areavailable intheWTO Secretariat forconsultation byinterested
delegations.
3. Thetextsoftherelevant provisions oftheBerne Convention andtheRome Convention are
reproduced inAnnex 2.
I Nature ofthenotification provisions
(a) TheBerne Convention
4. Article 9.1oftheTRIPS Agreement requires Members tocomply withArticles 14bis(2)(c)
and14bis(3)andArticle 15(4) oftheBerne Convention andtheAppendix thereto. Thenature of
thenotification provisions contained inthese Articles andtherelevant Articles oftheAppendix is
discussed below.IP/C/W/15
Page2
5. Articles 14bis(2)(c) and14bis(3)oftheBerne Convention: Article 14bis(2)(b) oftheBerne
ConventionasincorporatedintotheTRIPSAgreementappliestoaWTOMemberwhichinitslegislation
includes among theowners ofcopyright inacinematographic work authors whohave brought
contributions tothemaking ofthework. InsuchaMember itmust bepresumed thatthese authors
haveconsented, intheabsence ofanycontract tothecontrary, tocertain ways inwhich thefilmmay
beexploited. IfsuchMember 'slegislation requires thattheconsent oftheauthors must havebeen
inwriting, Article 14bis(2)(c)requires thatMember toinform other Members ofthisrequirement by
means ofanotification. Article 14bis(3)requires thataMember thelawofwhich doesnotmake the
presumptionbindingontheprincipaldirectorofthefilmmustsimilarlymakeanotification.Thepurpose
ofthese notification requirements istoallow those concerned toknow theMembers thelegislation
ofwhich applies thepresumption insucharestricted wayandtomake theirarrangements accordingly.
6. Under theBerne Convention onecountry hasmade anotification asforeseen inArticle
14bis(2)(c)andonecountry asforeseen inArticle 14bis(3)oftheBerne Convention. Forthetextof
these notifications, seeAnnex 1.
7. Article 15(4) oftheBerne Convention: Article 15(4) oftheBerne Convention asincorporated
intotheTRIPS Agreement ismainly directed attheprotection offolklore. Itdeals withunpublished
works where theidentity oftheauthor isunknown, butwhere there isevery ground topresume that
heorsheisanational ofagiven WTO Member. Insuchasituation theMember concerned may
designateacompetentauthoritytoprotecttheinterestsoftheauthor.OtherMembersshouldbeinformed
about thisauthority bymeans ofanotification giving fullinformation.
8. Under theBerne Convention onecountry hasmade anotification asforeseen inArticle 15(4)
oftheBerne Convention. Forthetextofthisnotification, seeAnnex 1.
9. Appendix totheBerne Convention: Article 9.1oftheTRIPS Agreement requires Members
tocomply withtheAppendix totheBerne Convention (1971), which contains special provisions for
developing countries. TheAppendix contains anumber ofnotification procedures which arediscussed
below.
(a) Article IoftheAppendix: Paragraph 1requires adeveloping country Member wishing
toavailitself ofthepossibilities provided intheAppendix todeclare thatitwillavailitself
ofthefaculty provided inArticle IIand/or Article IIIoftheAppendix (compulsory licenses
for,respectively, translations andreproductions) bymeans ofanotification. According to
paragraph 2suchdeclarations canbemade forrenewable periods oftenyears. Suchdeclarations
mayberenewed bymeans ofanotification. Paragraph 5dealswiththepossibility foracountry
tomake notifications inrespect ofterritories forwhich ithasinternational responsibility.
(b) Article II(3)(b) oftheAppendix: Thisprovision deals withthesituation where a
developing country Member secures theagreement ofalldeveloped Members, inwhich the
samelanguage isingeneral useasinthatdeveloping country Member, toprovide forashorter
period thantheusual three years afterpublication fortheapplication ofcompulsory licences
tosubstitute fortheexclusive right oftranslation. Theprovision requires thatanysuch
agreement shallbenotified.
(c) Article IV(2) oftheAppendix :Thisprovision deals withthesituation where an
applicant foracompulsory licence ofthetypes provided forinArticles IIandIIIcannot find
theowner oftheright inquestion. Insuchasituation, heorshemust sendacopy ofthe
application toanynational orinternational information centre which mayhavebeendesignated
bytheMember inwhich thepublisher ofthework concerned isbelieved tohavehisprincipalIP/C/W/15
Page3
place ofbusiness. Theparagraph provides thatsuchinformation centres must have been
designated inanotification bytheMember concerned.
(d) ArticleIV(4)(c)(iv)oftheAppendix:ThisprovisionallowsdevelopingcountryMembers
toexport copies oftranslations made under compulsory licence, provided thatanumber of
conditions aremet: thelanguage ofthetranslation mustnotbeEnglish, French orSpanish;
therecipients areindividuals whoarenationals oftheMember whose competent authority has
granted thelicense, ororganizations grouping suchindividuals; thecopies must besentfor
teaching, scholarship orresearch purposes; there mustbenocommercial purpose; andthere
mustbeanagreement between theMember granting thelicence andthattowhich thecopies
aresent. Theprovision requires thatsuchanagreement shallbenotified bytheMember in
which thelicense hasbeengranted.
(e) Article VoftheAppendix: ThisArticle provides thatadeveloping country Member
maychoose, bywayofadeclaration made atthetimeofratification oraccession, the"ten-year
régime" which appeared inthe1896 ActoftheBerne Convention fortranslations instead of
thecompulsory licensing system provided forinArticle IIoftheAppendix.
10. Under theBerne Convention onenotification made under Article IoftheAppendix iscurrently
effective. Forthetextofthisnotification, seeAnnex 1.
(b) TheRome Convention
11. Article 17oftheRome Convention: Article 14.6oftheTRIPS Agreement allows aWTO
Member toavailitself ofexceptions permitted under theRome Convention. Article 17oftheRome
Convention allows astatewhich, on26October 1961granted protection toproducers ofphonograms
solely onthebasis ofthecriterion offixation tocontinue todoso,provided itmakes anotification
tothiseffect atthetimeofratification, acceptance oraccession.
12. Under theRome Convention fourcountries havemade anotification asforeseen inArticle
17.Forthetextofthese notifications, seeAnnex 1.1
13. Article 18oftheRome Convention: Articles 1.3,3.1and14.6oftheTRIPS Agreement relate
tocertainexceptionsundertheRomeConventiontheinvocationofwhichrequirenotification.Article18
oftheRome Convention provides thatanystatewhich hasinvoked suchanexception bymeans of
notifications under Articles 5(3), 6(2), 16(1) or17oftheRome Convention may, byafurther
notification, reduce thescope oforwithdraw thenotification inquestion.
14. Under theRome Convention certain countries havereduced inscope orwithdrawn some of
theirearlier notifications under Articles 5(3),6(2),16(1) or17bymeans ofafurther notification under
Article 18.Annex todocument IP/C/W/3 andAnnex 1tothisdocument contain thenotifications already
made under Articles 5(3),6(2),16(1)(b) and17assubsequently modified bysuchfurther notifications.
Notifications under Article 18oftheRome Convention havenotbeenlisted separately inAnnex 1.
1Three ofthese countries have conveyed information totheCouncil forTRIPS regarding theusetheyhave made of
Article 17oftheRome Convention (seedocuments IP/N/2/DNK/1, IP/N/2/FIN/1 andIP/N/2/ITA/2).IP/C/W/15
Page4
II Notification procedures
(a) Procedures
15. TheCouncil hasalready dealt withnotification procedures under certain provisions ofthe
Berne andRome Conventions incorporated intotheTRIPS Agreement byreference similar tothe
provisions discussed inthisNote, when ittookthedecision concerning notifications under Articles 1.3
and3.1oftheTRIPS Agreement (paragraphs 11and12ofdocument IP/C/M/2). IftheCouncil wishes
tohandle questions relating tonotifications addressed inthisNote inthesame way, itwould invite
MemberswishingtomakesuchnotificationstomakethemtotheCouncilforTRIPS,eveniftheMember
inquestion hadalready made anotification under theBerne orRome Convention inregard tothesame
issue.
(b) Timing ofnotifications
16. Articles 14bis(2)(c) and14bis(3)oftheBerne Convention: Under Articles 14bis(2)(c) and
14bis(3)oftheBerne Convention asincorporated intotheTRIPS Agreement Members arerequired
tomake anotification insituations described inparagraph 5above. Developed country Members,
towhich thenotification obligations stemming fromtheincorporation oftheprovisions oftheseArticles
intotheTRIPS Agreement apply, should make necessary notifications asof1January 1996andother
Members asoftherelevant dateofapplication ofArticle 9.1oftheTRIPS Agreement fortheMember
inquestion. IfaMember subsequently changes itslegislation inawaythatwould require notification
under these provisions, itshould notify asofthetimeofthechange.
17. Article 15(4) oftheBerne Convention: Thepurpose ofArticle 15(4) oftheBerne Convention
istofacilitate benefitting fromtheprotection available inother WTO Members. Therefore, itwould
beintheinterest ofaMember wishing toavailitselfofthepossibility stemming fromtheincorporation
oftheprovisions ofArticle 15(4) oftheBerne Convention intotheTRIPS Agreement inrelation to
other WTO Members tonotify theauthority designated without delay, while being freetodosoat
anytime.
18. TheAppendix totheBerne Convention: Notification under Article I(1)oftheAppendix may
bedeposited atthetimeofdepositing theinstrument ofratification oraccession, oranytimethereafter.
19. Asfarasthecalculation ofrenewable periods oftenyears isconcerned (Article I(2)ofthe
Appendix), thisisaquestion thattheCouncil would needtolookintoifanyMember weretoinvoke
anyoftheprovisions oftheAppendix asincorporated intotheTRIPS Agreement. Itwould notseem
necessary fortheCouncil tocome toaviewonthematter atthispoint.
20. Other notifications stemming from theincorporation oftheprovisions oftheAppendix into
theTRIPS Agreement canbemade atanytime. Theonlyexception inthisregard isArticle V(1)as
incorporated intotheTRIPS Agreement which requires thatthechoice provided inthatparagraph has
tobemade atthetimeofratification oraccession.
21. Articles 17and18oftheRome Convention: Anotification under Article 17oftheRome
Convention hastobemade atthetimeofratification, acceptance oraccession. Afurther notification
under Article 18oftheRome Convention asincorporated intotheTRIPS Agreement canbemade
atanytime.IP/C/W/15
Page5
ANNEX 1
NOTIFICATIONS MADE UNDER THE NOTIFICATION PROVISIONS OFTHE BERNE
CONVENTION AND ROME CONVENTION INCORPORATED BYREFERENCE INTO THE
TRIPS AGREEMENT BUT NOT EXPLICITLY REFERRED TOINIT
Berne Convention
Article 14bis(2)(c)
PORTUGAL
TheDirector General oftheWorld Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) presents his
compliments totheMinister forForeign Affairs and,hasthehonor toinform himofthereceipt, on
November 5,1986, ofadeclaration, dated November 3,1986, oftheGovernment ofthePortuguese
Republic, made pursuant totheprovisions ofparagraph 2(c)ofArticle 14bisoftheBerne Convention
fortheProtection ofLiterary andArtistic Works ofSeptember 9,1886, asrevised atParis on
July24,1971("Paris Act(1971)") totheeffect thattheundertaking byauthors tobring contributions
tothemaking ofacinematographic work must beinawritten agreement.
Article 14bis(3)
INDIA
TheDirector General oftheWorld Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) presents his
compliments totheMinister forForeign Affairs andhasthehonor tonotify himthattheGovernment
oftheRepublic ofIndia, referring toitsratification, witheffect fromJanuary 10,1975, oftheBerne
Convention fortheProtection ofLiterary andArtistic Works ofDecember 9,1886, asrevised atParis
onJuly241971 ("Paris Act(1971)"), withthedeclaration thatitsratification thereof doesnotapply
toArticles 1to21andtheAppendix oftheParis Act(1971) (seeBERNE Notification No.59),
deposited, onFebruary 1,1984, adeclaration extending theeffects ofitsratification tothesaidArticles
andtheAppendix, subject tothefollowing declarations:
1. Withreference toArticle 14bisoftheConvention, theGovernment ofIndia declares,
inaccordance withparagraph 3ofthesaidArticle, thatthisratification shallnotapply tothe
provisions ofArticle 14bis,paragraph 2(b)thereof;
...
Article 15(4)
INDIA
TheDirector General oftheWorld Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) presents his
compliments totheMinister forForeign Affairs andhasthehonor tonotify himthattheGovernment
oftheRepublic ofIndia, referring toitsratification, witheffect fromJanuary 10,1975, oftheBerne
Convention fortheProtection ofLiterary andArtistic Works ofDecember 9,1886, asrevised atParis
onJuly241971 ("Paris Act(1971)"), withthedeclaration thatitsratification thereof doesnotapply
toArticles 1to21andtheAppendix oftheParis Act(1971) (seeBERNE Notification No.59),IP/C/W/15
Page6
deposited, onFebruary 1,1984, adeclaration extending theeffects ofitsratification tothesaidArticles
andtheAppendix, subject tothefollowing declarations:
...
2. TheGovernment ofIndia declares anddesignates theRegistrar oftheCopyrights of
India asacompetent authority interms ofArticle 15,paragraph 4(a)oftheConvention;
...
Article IoftheAppendix
THAILAND
TheDirector General oftheWorld Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) presents his
compliments totheMinister forForeign Affairs andhasthehonor torefer tothedeposit bythe
Government oftheKingdom ofThailand, onSeptember 29,1980, ofitsinstrument ofaccession to
theBerne Convention fortheProtection ofLiterary andArtistic Works ofSeptember 9,1886, asrevised
atParis onJuly24,1971 ("Paris Act(1971)"), andamended onSeptember 28,1979, which deposit
wasaccompanied byadeclaration thatitsaccession didnotapply toArticles 1to21andtheAppendix
oftheParis Act(1971) (seeBERNE Notification No.101).
TheDirector General ofWIPO hasthehonor tonotify thattheGovernment oftheKingdom
ofThailand deposited, onMay23,1995, adeclaration extending theeffects ofthesaidaccession to
Articles 1to21oftheParisAct(1971) andanotification declaring thattheGovernment oftheKingdom
ofThailand avails itselfofthefaculty provided forinArticle II(Limitations ontheRight ofTranslation)
oftheAppendix oftheParis Act(1971).
Articles 1to21oftheParis Act(1971) willenter intoforce, withrespect totheKingdom of
Thailand, onSeptember 2,1995.
Asfarastherelevant provisions oftheAppendix areconcerned, thesaidnotification willbe
effective from September 2,1995, toOctober 10,2004, unless itiswithdrawn earlier (seeArticle
1(2)(b) and(3)oftheAppendix oftheParis Act(1971)).
Rome Convention
Article 17
DENMARK
...
4) Withregard toarticle 17:Denmark willgrant theprotection provided forinarticle
5onlyifthefirstfixation ofthesound wasmade inanother Contracting State(thecriterion offixation)
andwillapply forthepurposes ofparagraph 1(a)(iii)and(iv)ofarticle 16thesaidcriterion instead
ofthecriterion ofnationality.IP/C/W/15
Page7
FINLAND
...
6. Article 17.Finland willapply, forthepurposes ofarticle 5,thecriterion offixation
alone and,forthepurposes ofarticle 16,paragraph 1(a)(iv),thecriterion offixation instead ofthe
criterion ofnationality."
ITALY
...
(4) Withregard toarticle 5andinaccordance witharticle 17oftheConvention, Italywill
apply onlythecriterion offixation forthepurposes ofarticle 5;thesame criterion, instead ofthe
criterion ofnationality, willbeapplied forthepurposes ofthedeclarations provided forinarticle 16,
paragraph I(a)(iii)and(iv),oftheConvention.
SWEDEN
Notifications deposited withtheinstrument ofratification:
...
(e) With regard toarticle 17.
Withdrawal oramendment ofthenotifications deposited withtheinstrument ofratification:
With application ofarticle 18oftheConvention, anotification notifying itswithdrawal or
amendment ofthenotifications deposited withtheinstrument ofratification onJuly13,1962, asfollows:
...
3. Thenotification relating toarticle 17iswithdrawn insofarasreproduction of
phonograms isconcerned. Sweden willfrom July1,1986, grant protection according toarticle 10
oftheConvention toallphonograms.
...IP/C/W/15
Page8
ANNEX 2
NOTIFICATION PROVISIONS OFTHE BERNE CONVENTION AND THE ROME
CONVENTION INCORPORATED BYREFERENCE INTO THE TRIPS AGREEMENT,
BUT NOT EXPLICITLY REFERRED TOINIT
Berne Convention
Article 14bis
(1) Without prejudice tothecopyright inanywork which mayhave been adapted or
reproduced, acinematographic work shallbeprotected asanoriginal work. Theowner ofcopyright
inacinematographic work shallenjoy thesame rights astheauthor ofanoriginal work, including
therights referred tointhepreceding Article.
(2)(a)Ownership ofcopyright inacinematographic work shallbeamatter forlegislation
inthecountry where protection isclaimed.
(b) However, inthecountries oftheUnion which, bylegislation, include among theowners
ofcopyright inacinematographic work authors whohavebrought contributions tothemaking ofthe
work, suchauthors, iftheyhaveundertaken tobring suchcontributions, maynot,intheabsence of
anycontrary orspecial stipulation, object tothereproduction, distribution, public performance,
communication tothepublic bywire, broadcasting oranyother communication tothepublic, orto
thesubtitling ordubbing oftexts, ofthework.
(c) Thequestion whether ornottheform oftheundertaking referred toabove should,
fortheapplication ofthepreceding subparagraph (b),beinawritten agreement orawritten actof
thesameeffect shallbeamatter forthelegislation ofthecountry where themaker ofthecinematographic
work hashisheadquarters orhabitual residence. However, itshallbeamatter forthelegislation of
thecountry oftheUnion where protection isclaimed toprovide thatthesaidundertaking shallbein
awritten agreement orawritten actofthesame effect. Thecountries whose legislation soprovides
shall notify theDirector General bymeans ofawritten declaration ,which willbeimmediately
communicated byhimtoalltheother countries oftheUnion.
(d) By"contrary orspecial stipulation" ismeant anyrestrictive condition which isrelevant
totheaforesaid undertaking.
(3) Unlessthenationallegislationprovidestothecontrary,theprovisionsofparagraph(2)(b)
above shallnotbeapplicable toauthors ofscenarios, dialogues andmusical works created forthemaking
ofthecinematographic work, ortotheprincipal director thereof. However, those countries ofthe
Union whose legislation doesnotcontain rulesproviding fortheapplication ofthesaidparagraph (2)(b)
tosuchdirector shallnotify theDirector General bymeans ofawritten declaration ,which willbe
immediately communicated byhimtoalltheother countries oftheUnion.
Article 15(4)
(4)(a)Inthecaseofunpublished works where theidentity oftheauthor isunknown, butwhere
there isevery ground topresume thatheisanational ofacountry oftheUnion, itshallbeamatter
forlegislation inthatcountry todesignate thecompetent authority which shallrepresent theauthor
andshallbeentitled toprotect andenforce hisrights inthecountries oftheUnion.IP/C/W/15
Page9
(b)Countries oftheUnion which make suchdesignation under theterms ofthisprovision
shallnotify theDirector General bymeans ofawritten declaration giving fullinformation concerning
theauthority thusdesignated. TheDirector General shallatoncecommunicate thisdeclaration toall
other countries oftheUnion.
Article I(1),(2),(5)oftheAppendix
(1) Anycountryregardedasadevelopingcountryinconformitywiththeestablishedpractice
oftheGeneral Assembly oftheUnited Nations which ratifies oraccedes tothisAct,ofwhich this
Appendix forms anintegral part,andwhich, having regard toitseconomic situation anditssocial or
cultural needs, doesnotconsider itselfimmediately inaposition tomake provision fortheprotection
ofalltherights asprovided forinthisAct,may,byanotification deposited withtheDirector General
atthetimeofdepositing itsinstrument ofratification oraccession or,subject toArticle V(1)(c),at
anytimethereafter, declare thatitwillavailitself ofthefaculty provided forinArticle II,orofthe
faculty provided forinArticle III,orofbothofthose faculties. Itmay, instead ofavailing itself of
thefaculty provided forinArticle II,make adeclaration according toArticle V(1)(a).
(2)(a)Anydeclaration under paragraph (1)notified before theexpiration oftheperiod often
years fromtheentry intoforce ofArticles 1to21andthisAppendix according toArticle 28(2) shall
beeffective untiltheexpiration ofthesaidperiod. Anysuchdeclaration mayberenewed inwhole
orinpartforperiods oftenyears eachbyanotification deposited withtheDirector General notmore
thanfifteen months andnotlessthanthree months before theexpiration oftheten-year period then
running.
(b)Anydeclaration under paragraph (1)notified aftertheexpiration oftheperiod oftenyears
from theentry intoforce ofArticles 1to21andthisAppendix according toArticle 28(2) shallbe
effective untiltheexpiration oftheten-year period thenrunning. Anysuchdeclaration mayberenewed
asprovided forinthesecond sentence ofsubparagraph (a).
(5)Anycountry which isbound bytheprovisions ofthisActandwhich hasdeposited a
declaration oranotification inaccordance withArticle 31(1) withrespect totheapplication ofthis
Acttoaparticular territory, thesituation ofwhich canberegarded asanalogous tothatofthecountries
referred toinparagraph (1),may, inrespect ofsuchterritory, make thedeclaration referred toin
paragraph (1)andthenotification ofrenewal referred toinparagraph (2).Aslongassuchdeclaration
ornotification remains ineffect, theprovisions ofthisAppendix shallbeapplicable totheterritory
inrespect ofwhich itwasmade.
Article II(3)(b)oftheAppendix
(3)(b)Anycountry referred toinparagraph (1)may, withtheunanimous agreement ofthe
developed countries which aremembers oftheUnion andinwhich thesame language isingeneral
use,substitute, inthecaseoftranslations intothatlanguage, fortheperiod ofthree years referred to
inparagraph (2)(a)ashorter period asdetermined bysuchagreement butnotlessthanoneyear.
However, theprovisions oftheforegoing sentence shallnotapply where thelanguage inquestion is
English, French orSpanish. TheDirector General shallbenotified ofanysuchagreement bythe
Governments which haveconcluded it.IP/C/W/15
Page10
Article IV(2) oftheAppendix
(2) Iftheowner oftherightcannot befound, theapplicant foralicense shallsend, by
registered airmail, copies ofhisapplication, submitted totheauthority competent togrant thelicense,
tothepublisher whose name appears ontheworkandtoanynational orinternational information center
which mayhavebeendesignated, inanotification tothateffect deposited withtheDirector General,
bytheGovernment ofthecountry inwhich thepublisher isbelieved tohavehisprincipal place of
business.
Article IV(4)( c)(iv)oftheAppendix
(c) Where agovernment orother public entity ofacountry which hasgranted alicense tomake
atranslation under Article IIintoalanguage other thanEnglish, French orSpanish sends copies of
atranslation published under suchlicense toanother country, suchsending ofcopies shallnot,for
thepurposes ofsubparagraph (a),beconsidered toconstitute export ifallofthefollowing conditions
aremet:
(iv)thecountry towhich thecopies havebeensenthasagreed withthecountry whose
competent authority hasgranted thelicense toallow thereceipt, ordistribution, or
both, andtheDirector General hasbeennotified oftheagreement bytheGovernment
ofthecountry inwhich thelicense hasbeengranted.
Article VoftheAppendix
(1)(a)Anycountry entitled tomake adeclaration thatitwillavailitselfofthefaculty provided
forinArticle IImay, instead, atthetimeofratifying oracceding tothisAct:
(i) ifitisacountry towhich Article 30(2)(a)applies, make adeclaration under that
provision asfarastherightoftranslation isconcerned;
(ii) ifitisacountry towhich Article 30(2)(a)doesnotapply, andevenifitisnotacountry
outsidetheUnion,makeadeclarationasprovidedforinArticle30(2)(b),firstsentence.
(b) Inthecaseofacountry which ceases toberegarded asadeveloping country asreferred
toinArticle I(1),adeclaration made according tothisparagraph shallbeeffective untilthedateon
which theperiod applicable under Article I(3)expires.
(c) Anycountry which hasmade adeclaration according tothisparagraph maynot
subsequently availitselfofthefaculty provided forinArticle IIevenifitwithdraws thesaiddeclaration.
(2) Subject toparagraph (3),anycountry which hasavailed itself ofthefaculty provided
forinArticle IImaynotsubsequently make adeclaration according toparagraph (1).
(3) Anycountry which hasceased toberegarded asadeveloping country asreferred to
inArticle I(1)may, notlaterthantwoyears prior totheexpiration oftheperiod applicable under
Article I(3), make adeclaration totheeffect provided forinArticle 30(2)(b),firstsentence,
notwithstanding thefactthatitisnotacountry outside theUnion. Suchdeclaration shalltakeeffect
atthedateonwhich theperiod applicable under Article I(3)expires.IP/C/W/15
Page11
[Article 30(2)(b)
(b) Anycountry outside theUnion maydeclare, inacceding tothisConvention andsubject
toArticle V(2)oftheAppendix, thatitintends tosubstitute, temporarily atleast, forArticle 8ofthis
Actconcerning therightoftranslation, theprovisions ofArticle 5oftheUnion Convention of1886,
ascompleted atParis in1896, ontheclearunderstanding thatthesaidprovisions areapplicable only
totranslations intoalanguage ingeneral useinthesaidcountry. Subject toArticle I(6)(b)ofthe
Appendix, anycountry hastherighttoapply, inrelation totherightoftranslation ofworks whose
country oforigin isacountry availing itself ofsuchareservation, aprotection which isequivalent
totheprotection granted bythelatter country.]
Rome Convention
Article 17
AnyStatewhich, onOctober 26,1961, grants protection toproducers ofphonograms solely
onthebasis ofthecriterion offixation may, byanotification deposited withtheSecretary-General
oftheUnited Nations atthetimeofratification, acceptance oraccession, declare thatitwillapply,
forthepurposes ofArticle 5,thecriterion offixation alone and,forthepurposes ofparagraph 1(a)(iii)
and(iv)ofArticle 16,thecriterion offixation instead ofthecriterion ofnationality.
Article 18
AnyState which hasdeposited anotification under paragraph 3ofArticle 5,paragraph 2of
Article 6,paragraph 1ofArticle 16orArticle 17,may, byafurther notification deposited withthe
Secretary-General oftheUnited Nations, reduce itsscope orwithdraw it.