GENERAL AGREEMENT GATS/SC/16
15April 1994
ONTRADE INSERVICES (94-1015)
CANADA
Schedule ofSpecific Commitments
(This isauthentic inEnglish andFrench only)
____________________CANADA -SCHEDULE OFSPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
Cross-border andconsumption
abroad1),2) None 1),2) None, other than:
- Taxmeasures thatresult indifferences of
treatment withrespect toexpenditures
made onscientific research and
experimental development services
- Ontario -Taxmeasures resulting in
differences oftreatment withrespect to
payments formanagement services made to
affiliated non-residents. Foreign
corporations carrying onbusiness in
Ontario must appoint anOntario agent for
service oflegal documents.
- Alberta -First consideration maybegiven
toservice suppliers from within Alberta or
Canada where competitive interms ofprice
andquality inthecaseofalllarge scale
energy projects needing Industrial
Development, Forest Management, Oil
Sands, Power Plant orGasPlant andCoal
Development Permits.
- Newfoundland andNova Scotia -
Regulations require thatfirstconsideration
begiven toservices provided within the
province topetroleum operations where
theyarecompetitive interms ofprice,
quality anddelivery.
GATS/SC/16
Page1CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page2
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Commercial presence
(Except banks which aredealt
withinPartB,Section 7)3) None, other than:
- Theacquisition ofcontrol ofaCanadian
business byanon-Canadian issubject to
approval* foralldirect acquisitions of
Canadian businesses withassets notless
thanamonetary amount established and
published inJanuary ofeach yearinthe
Canada Gazette
Themonetary amount for1994 is
$C153 million tobeadjusted thereafter
annually forchanges innominal GDP
* Forthepurpose ofthisschedule ofcommitments, approval isgranted bytheresponsible Minister ifheissatisfied thattheinvestment islikely tobeofnetbenefit
toCanada taking intoaccount anyinformation, undertakings andrepresentations inrespect oftheapplication, andthefollowing factors where relevant:
a) theeffect oftheinvestment onthelevelandnature ofeconomic activity inCanada, including, without limiting thegenerality oftheforegoing, theeffect onemployment,
onresource processing, ontheutilization ofparts, components andservices produced inCanada andonexports from Canada;
b) thedegree andsignificance ofparticipation byCanadians intheCanadian business ornewCanadian business andinanyindustries inCanada ofwhich theCanadian
business ornewCanadian business forms orwould form apart;
c) theeffect oftheinvestment onproductivity, industrial efficiency, technological development, product innovation andproduct variety inCanada;
d) theeffect oftheinvestment oncompetition within anyindustry orindustries inCanada;
e) thecompatibility oftheinvestment withnational industrial, economic andcultural policies, taking intoconsideration industrial, economic andcultural policy objectives
enunciated bythegovernment orlegislature ofanyprovince likely tobesignificantly affected bytheinvestment; and
f) thecontribution oftheinvestment toCanada 'sability tocompete inworld markets.CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- Theacquisition ofcontrol ofaCanadian
business, orestablishment ofanew
business related toCanada 'scultural
heritage ornational identity*, bya
non-Canadian issubject toapproval*
- Thesupply ofaservice, orits
subsidization, within thepublic sector is
notinbreach ofthiscommitment
- Subsidies related toresearch and
development -unbound
- Federal andsub-central taxmeasures
(generally pertaining tosmall business)
mayresult inadifference intreatment in
respect ofallorsome "Canadian controlled
private corporations" asdefined bythe
Income TaxAct(i.e., Canadian private
corporations thatarenotcontrolled by
non-residents and/or public corporations)
* Forthepurposes ofthisschedule ofcommitments, businesses related toCanada 'scultural heritage andnational identity mean persons engaged inthefollowing activities:
a) thepublication, distribution, orsaleofbooks, magazines, periodicals ornewspapers inprint ormachine readable form butnotincluding thesoleactivity orprinting
ortypesetting anyoftheforegoing;
b) theproduction, distribution, saleorexhibition offilmorvideo recordings;
c) theproduction, distribution, saleorexhibition ofaudio orvideo music recordings;
d) thepublication, distribution orsaleofmusic inprint ormachine readable form; or
e) radiocommunication inwhich thetransmissions areintended fordirect reception bythegeneral public, andallradio, television andcable broadcasting undertakings
andallsatellite programming andbroadcast network services.
GATS/SC/16
Page3CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page4
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- Measures conferring ataxexemption or
reduction oftaxto,orinrespect of
services supplied by,aservice supplier
which isapartoforisdirectly or
indirectly owned bygovernment
- Federal andsub-central governments, when
disposing oftheir equity interests in,orthe
assets of,aservice supplier which is
owned bysuch governments, mayprohibit
theownership ofsuch interests orassets by
non-Canadian investors ortheir
investments; andmayimpose limitations
upon theownership ofsuch interests or
assets, andontheability ofowners ofsuch
interests orassets tocontrol anyresulting
enterprise, bynon-Canadian investors or
their investments. With respect toany
such saleorother disposition, Canada may
adopt ormaintain anymeasure relating to
thenationality ofsenior management or
members oftheboard ofdirectors.
- Measures related tothesupply ofservices
required tobeoffered tothepublic
generally inthefollowing subsectors may
result indifferential treatment interms ofCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
benefits:
income security orinsurance
social security orinsurance
social welfare
orprice:
public education
training
health
child care
- Amajority ofthedirectors offederally
incorporated corporations inCanada must
beCanadian citizens orpersons ordinarily
resident inCanada
- Agreements between Canada andany
aboriginal person ororganisation, and
measures byCanada anditsProvinces and
Territories, mayprovide forthefavourable
treatment ofanyaboriginal person or
organization inrelation toacquisition,
establishment oroperation ofany
commercial orindustrial undertaking
including providing:
GATS/SC/16
Page5CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page6
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
a)anaboriginal person or
organization witharight offirst
refusal toestablish anew, or
acquire anexisting, commercial
orindustrial undertaking; and
b)aproposed orexisting
commercial orindustrial
undertaking ofanaboriginal
person ororganization with
favourable financial incentives or
treatment
- Alberta: Atleast 50percentofthe
directors ofanAlberta Corporation must
beresident Canadians. Extra-provincial
corporations registered under theAlberta
Business Corporations Actmust appoint an
individual whoisresident intheprovince
ofAlberta asanattorney forservice of
legal documents. There arelimitations on
thesaleofCrown landandnon-urban real
estate toanon-Canadian person.
TheAlberta Opportunity Fund gives
priority toservice suppliers owned and
operated byCanadian citizensCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- British Columbia: Themajority of
directors ofevery corporation incorporated
under provincial lawshall beresident
Canadians andatleast onedirector must be
resident intheProvince. Itisnecessary to
beaCanadian citizen orpermanent
resident ofCanada tobeeligible fora
crown grant ofland.
- Manitoba: Non-residents mayberestricted
inthepurchase ofmore than10acres of
farm landandaresubject toataxon
transfer offarm property. Themajority of
directors ofameeting oftheBoard ofa
Manitoba Corporation must beCanadian
residents.
- Newfoundland andLabrador: Amajority
ofthedirectors ofallcorporations
incorporated under provincial lawmust be
Canadian residents. Aco-operative must
consist ofatleast fivepersons offulllegal
capacity residing intheprovince. All
non-resident businesses must engage alocal
agent forthepurposes ofcollective
bargaining andexecution ofconveyances
andmortgages.
GATS/SC/16
Page7CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page8
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
- Ontario: Themajority ofdirectors ofall
Ontario corporations must beresident
Canadians. Themajority ofthedirectors
ofanyOntario co-operative andthe
majority ofaquorum must beresident
Canadians.
TheOntario Land Transfer Actlevies an
additional taxondirect orindirect transfers
oflandtonon-residents
Only service suppliers thatareCanadian
owned andpay75percentoftheir
employee wages inOntario areeligible for
investments from small business
development corporations
Taxmeasures oftheProvince ofOntario
mayresult indifferences oftreatment of
corporations withrespect tocapital gains
onshares ofcorporations resident in
Canada
- Prince Edward Island: ThePrince Edward
Island Lands Protection Actrequires
out-of-province residents acquiring an
aggregate landholding inexcess offive
acres orshore frontage inexcess of
165feettoobtain theapproval ofthe
provincial cabinetCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Only residents oftheprovince areeligible
foraproperty taxrebate onnon
commercial realproperty
- Québec: Under theLawonPublicly
Owned Lands, priority willbeaccorded to
Québec residents intheacquisition or
leasing ofpublic lands. TheQuébec Land
Transfer Duties Actlevies anadditional tax
ontransfers oflandtonon-residents.
- Saskatchewan: Under theSaskatchewan
Companies Act,onedirector ofacompany
incorporated forbusiness intheprovince,
orofaregistered extra-provincial
company, must beresident inthatprovince
andamajority ofthedirectors must be
resident inCanada. Foraco-operative,
themajority oftheboard ofdirectors must
beresidents ofCanada. Thepurchase of
provincial crown landbyforeign services
suppliers islimited totenacres.
GATS/SC/16
Page9CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page10
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Movement ofnatural persons
providing services4) Unbound, except fortheentry or
temporary stayofanatural person who
fallsinoneofthefollowing categories:Unbound, except fortheentry ortemporary stay
ofanatural persons whofallsinoneofthe
categories included inthemarket access column
Business visitors
Anatural person whostays inCanada
without acquiring remuneration from within
Canada andwithout engaging inmaking
direct sales tothegeneral public or
supplying services, forthepurposes of
participating inbusiness meetings, business
contacts including negotiations forthesale
ofservices and/or other similar activities
including those toprepare forestablishing a
commercial presence inCanada: Entry and
stayshall beforaperiod ofnomore than
90daysCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Intra Corporate Transferees
Natural persons ofanother Member who
have been employed byjuridical persons of
another Member foraperiod ofnotless
thanoneyearandwhoseektemporary
entry inorder torender services to(i)the
same juridical person which isengaged in
substantive business operations inCanada
or(ii)ajuridical person constituted in
Canada andengaged insubstantive business
operations inCanada which isowned byor
controlled byoraffiliated withthe
aforementioned juridical person
None, other than:
-Entry andstayshall beamaximun
period ofthree years
GATS/SC/16
Page11CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page12
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
These comprise:
a) Executives
Natural persons employed byajuridical
person whoprimarily direct the
management ofthejuridical person or
establish goals andpolicies forthejuridical
person oramajor component orfunction
ofthejuridical person, exercise wide
latitude indecision-making, andreceive
onlygeneral supervision ordirection from
higher-level executives, theboard of
directors, orstockholders ofthejuridical
person
b) Managers
Natural persons employed byajuridical
person whodirect thejuridical person, or
department orsubdivision ofthejuridical
person, supervise andcontrol thework of
other supervisory, professional or
managerial employees, have theauthority
tohireandfireorrecommend hiring,
firing, orother personnel actions and
exercise discretionary authority over
day-to-day operations atasenior levelCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
c) Specialists
Persons intheemploy ofajuridical person
whopossess knowledge atanadvanced
level ofexpertise andwhopossess
proprietary knowledge ofthejuridical
person 'sproduct, service, research
equipment, techniques, ormanagement
Professionals
Natural persons seeking toengage, aspart
ofaservices contract obtained bya
juridical person ofanother Member (other
thanagencies asdefined byCPC 872) in
theactivity ataprofessional level ina
profession setoutinChart Abelow,
provided thattheperson possesses the
necessary academic credentials and
professional qualifications, which have
been dulyrecognized, where appropriate,
bytheprofessional association inCanada
None, other than:
- Temporary entry andstayshall befora
period ofupto90days orthetime
necessary tocomplete theservices contract,
whichever isless. Such persons maynot
engage insecondary employment while in
Canada.
GATS/SC/16
Page13CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page14
CHART A
Occupation Minimum educational requirements/alternative credentials Other requirements
Engineers Baccalaureate degree* Provincial licence**
Agrologists Baccalaureate degree inagriculture orrelated science plusfour
years ofrelated experienceLicensing isrequired inNew Brunswick, Alberta andQuébec.
Temporary licensing isrequired inBritish Columbia.
Architects Baccalaureate degree inarchitecture Provincial license andcertificate required topractice
Forestry Professionals Baccalaureate degree inforestry management orforestry
engineering, oraprovincial licenseLicensing asaforester orforestry engineer isrequired in
Alberta, British Columbia andQuébec
Geomatics Professionals Baccalaureate degree insurveying, geography orenvironmental
sciences plusthree years related experience
Land Surveyors Baccalaureate degree Provincial license
* Theterm "Baccalaureate degree" means adegree from anaccredited academic institution inCanada orequivalent.
** Theterm"provincial licence" means anydocument issued byaprovincial government, orunder itsauthority, which permits aperson toengage inaregulated activity
orprofession.CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Other conditions - Measures related tothesupply ofservices
required tobeoffered tothepublic
generally inthefollowing subsectors may
result indifferential treatment interms of
benefits:
income security orinsurance
social security orinsurance
social welfare
orprice:
public education
training
health
child care
GATS/SC/16
Page15CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page16
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational
treatmentAdditional commitments
II. SECTOR-SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
1. BUSINESS
SERVICES
A*. Professional Services
a*) Foreign Legal
Consultants (advisory
services onforeign
andpublic
international law
only)
(CPC 861*)1) None
2) None
3) None, other thanCommercial
presence must taketheform ofasole
proprietorship orpartnership
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Lawyers (Prince Edward Island,
Alberta, Ontario andNewfoundland):
Requirement tobepermanent resident
foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except as
indicated inthe
horizontal sectionForeign Legal Consultants
Theright topractice without meeting normal
accreditation requirements isgranted temporarily inthe
Provinces ofBritish Columbia, Saskatchewan and
Ontario onthefollowing basis:
1. InBritish Columbia andSaskatchewan theFLC
must bea"member ingood standing" ofthelegal
profession inhis/her home country.
2. InSaskatchewan, theFLC must have practised
thelawofhis/her country foratleast three
complete years andinOntario foratleast thefive
preceding years.
* Asterisks designate "part of".CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational
treatmentAdditional commitments
3. InBritish Columbia andSaskatchewan theperson
must beofgood character, repute andphysically
fit.InOntario theperson must beofgood
character.
4. InBritish Columbia andSaskatchewan theFLC
carries afidelity bond orother security inan
amount ofatleast $1,000,000 Canadian.
5. TheFLC inSaskatchewan undertakes notto
accept, hold, transfer andorinanyother manner
dealwithtrustfunds.
6. InBritish Columbia andSaskatchewan theFLC
must complete anymandatory continuing legal
education programme.
7. InOntario theFLC must reside orundertake to
reside inOntario assoon aspracticable.
GATS/SC/16
Page17CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page18
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
b) Accounting, auditing
andbook-keeping
services
(CPC 862)1) None, other than:
Auditing (Saskatchewan, Newfoundland,
Nova Scotia, Manitoba, Ontario):
Requirement foracommercial presence
(Manitoba, Québec): Citizenship
requirement foraccreditation
(Alberta, Ontario): Permanent residence
required foraccreditation1) None, other than:
Auditing (Alberta, Newfoundland, Nova
Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Manitoba
andSaskatchewan): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Licensed Public Accountants (Manitoba):
Residency requirement foraccreditation
2) None, other than:
Auditing (Saskatchewan, Newfoundland,
Nova Scotia, Manitoba, Ontario):
Requirement foracommercial presence
(Manitoba, Québec): Citizenship
requirement foraccreditation
(Alberta, Ontario): Permanent residence
required foraccreditation2) NoneCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3) None, other thancommercial presence
must taketheform ofasoleproprietorship
orpartnership3) None, other than:
Auditing (Saskatchewan, British
Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, Québec,
Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and
Alberta): Office must beunder the
management ofaresident
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Auditing (Saskatchewan, Newfoundland,
Nova Scotia, Manitoba, Ontario):
Requirement foracommercial presence
(Manitoba, Québec): Citizenship
requirement foraccreditation
(Alberta, Ontario): Permanent residence
required foraccreditation4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Auditing (Alberta, Newfoundland, Nova
Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Manitoba
andSaskatchewan): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Licensed Public Accountants (Manitoba):
Residency requirement foraccreditation
c) Taxation Services
(excluding legal
services)
(CPC 863*)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
GATS/SC/16
Page19CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page20
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
d) Architectural services
(CPC 8671)1) None, other than:
Architects (Québec): Citizenship
requirement foraccreditation1) None, other than:
Architects (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick
andNewfoundland): residency
requirement foraccreditation
Landscape architects (Newfoundland):
Residency requirement foraccreditation
Advisory and
pre-design
architectural services
(CPC 86711)
Architectural design
services
(CPC 86712)
Contract
administration
services
(CPC 86713)
Combined
architectural design
andcontract
administration
services
(CPC 86714)2) None
3) None, other than:
Architects: Commercial presence must
taketheform ofasoleproprietorship or
partnership
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Architects (Québec): Citizenship
requirement foraccreditation2) None
3) None, other than:
Architects (Prince Edward Island): Non-
resident firms arerequired tomaintain a
higher percentage ofpractitioners ina
partnership
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Architects (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick
andNewfoundland): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Landscape architects (Newfoundland):
Residency requirement foraccreditation)CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Other architectural
services
(CPC 86719)
e) Engineering services
(CPC 8672)1) None, other than: 1) None, other than:
Advisory and
consultative
engineering services
(CPC 86721)Consulting Engineers (Manitoba):
Requirement foracommercial presence
foraccreditationEngineers (Saskatchewan): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Engineering design
services for
foundations and
building structures
(CPC 86722)Engineers (British Columbia,
Newfoundland, Alberta, Ontario, New
Brunswick, andNova Scotia): Must be
permanent resident foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
Engineering design
services for
mechanical and
electrical installations
forbuildings
(CPC 86723)2) None, other than:
Consulting Engineers (Manitoba):
Requirement foracommercial presence
foraccreditation2) None
Engineering design
services forcivil
engineering
construction
(CPC 86724)Engineers (British Columbia,
Newfoundland, Alberta, Ontario, New
Brunswick, andNova Scotia): Must be
permanent resident foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
GATS/SC/16
Page21CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page22
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Engineering design
forindustrial
processes and
production
(CPC 86725)3) None 3) None
Engineering design
services n.e.c.
(CPC 86726)4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Other engineering
services during the
construction and
installation phase
(CPC 86727)Engineers (British Columbia,
Newfoundland, Alberta, Ontario, New
Brunswick, andNova Scotia): Must be
permanent resident foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditationEngineers (Saskatchewan): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Other engineering
services
(CPC 86729)CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
f) Integrated engineering
services
(CPC 8673)
Integrated engineering
services for
transportation
infrastructure turnkey
projects
(CPC 86731)1) None, other than:
Consulting Engineers (Manitoba):
Requirement foracommercial presence
foraccreditation
Engineers (British Columbia,
Newfoundland, Alberta, Ontario, New
Brunswick, andNova Scotia): Must be
permanent resident foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
Integrated engineering
andproject
management services
forwater supply and
sanitation works
turnkey projects
(CPC 86732)
Integrated engineering
services forthe
construction of
manufacturing turnkey
projects
(CPC 86733)2) None, other than:
Consulting Engineers (Manitoba):
Requirement foracommercial presence
foraccreditation
Engineers (British Columbia,
Newfoundland, Alberta, Ontario, New
Brunswick, andNova Scotia): Must be
permanent resident foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
3) None
GATS/SC/16
Page23CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page24
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Integrated engineering
services forother
turnkey projects
(CPC 86739)4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Engineers (British Columbia,
Newfoundland, Alberta, Ontario, New
Brunswick, andNova Scotia): Must be
permanent resident foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
g) Urban planning and
landscape architectural
services
(CPC 8674)1) None, other than:
Community/Urban Planning (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitle1) None, other than:
Community/Urban Planning
(Newfoundland andSaskatchewan):
Residency requirement
2) None 2) None
3) None 3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Community/Urban Planning (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitle4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Community/Urban Planning
(Newfoundland andSaskatchewan):
Residency requirementCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B*. Computer andRelated
Services1) None 1) None
a) Consultancy services
related tothe
installation of
computer hardware
(CPC 841)2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
b*) Software
implementation
services, including
systems andsoftware
consulting services,
systems analysis,
design, programming
andmaintenance
services, excluding
those listed under
Financial Services 7Bl
(CPC 842*)
GATS/SC/16
Page25CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page26
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
c*) Data processing
services, including
processing, tabulation
andfacilities
management services,
excluding
Communications
Services 2Cnand
Financial Services 7Bl
(CPC 843*)
d*) Data baseservices,
excluding those listed
under Financial
Services 7Bl
(CPC 844*)
e) Maintenance and
repair services of
office machinery and
equipment including
computers
(CPC 845)
Other computer
services
(CPC 849)CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
C*. Research and
Development1) None 1) None
b*) Research and
experimental
development services
onsocial sciences and
humanities, including
law,economics,
except linguistics and
language
(CPC 852*)2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
D. Real Estate Services
a) Real estate services
involving ownor
leased property
(CPC 821)1) None, other than:
Real Estate Services (Ontario, Nova
Scotia, Newfoundland, Prince Edward
Island andSaskatchewan): Services must
besupplied through acommercial presence1) None, other than:
Real Estate Agents (Alberta, Québec,
Yukon, Manitoba, Nova Scotia,
Newfoundland, British Columbia and
Prince Edward Island): Residency
requirement
b) Real estate services
onafeeorcontract
basis
(CPC 822)Real Estate Agents (Alberta,
Newfoundland): Services must besupplied
through acommercial presence
Chartered Appraisers (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitle
2) None 2) None
GATS/SC/16
Page27CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page28
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3) None 3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Real Estate Services (Ontario, Nova
Scotia, Newfoundland, Prince Edward
Island andSaskatchewan): Services must
besupplied through acommercial presenceReal Estate Agents (Alberta, Québec,
Yukon, Manitoba, Nova Scotia,
Newfoundland, British Columbia and
Prince Edward Island): Residency
requirement
Real Estate Agents (Alberta,
Newfoundland): Services must besupplied
through acommercial presence
Chartered Appraisers (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitle
E*. Rental/Leasing
Services without
Operators
a),b),c),d) Leasing orrental
services concerning
machinery and
equipment without
operator, including
computers
(CPC 831)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal sectionCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
e*) Leasing orrental
services concerning
personal and
household goods
(excluding in83201,
therental of
pre-recorded records,
sound cassettes, CD's
andexcluding 83202,
rental services
concerning video
tapes)
(CPC 832*)
F*. Other Business
Services
b) Market research and
public opinion polling
services
(CPC 864)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
GATS/SC/16
Page29CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page30
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
c) Management
consulting services
(CPC 865)1) None, other than: 1) None
General management
consulting services
(CPC 86501)Agrologists (Newfoundland): Permanent
residency requirement foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
Financial management
consulting services
(CPC 86502)Professional Administrators andCertified
Management Consultants (Québec -
Québec Professional Corporation of
Administrators): Citizenship requirement
foruseoftitle
Marketing
management
consulting services
(CPC 86503)Industrial Relations Counsellors (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitle
2) None, other than: 2) None
Human resources
management
consulting services
(CPC 86504)Agrologists (Newfoundland): Permanent
residency requirement foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
Production
management
consulting services
(CPC 86505)3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal sectionCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Public relations
services
(CPC 86506)Agrologists (Newfoundland): Permanent
residency requirement foraccreditation
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
Other management
consulting services,
including agrology,
agronomy, farm
management and
related consulting
services
(CPC 86509)Professional Administrators andCertified
Management Consultants (Québec -
Québec Professional Corporation of
Administrators): Citizenship requirement
foruseoftitle
Industrial Relations Counsellors (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitle
d) Services related to
management
consulting
(CPC 866)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inhorizontal
section
e) Technical testing and
analysis services
including quality
control andinspection
(CPC 8676)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
GATS/SC/16
Page31CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page32
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
f*) Rental ofagricultural
equipment with
operator
(CPC 8811*)
Services incidental to
forestry andlogging,
including forest
management
(CPC 8814)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
h) Services incidental to
mining, including
drilling andfield
services andrental of
equipment with
operator
(CPC 883)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Sitepreparation for
mining
(CPC 5115)
i*) Tollrefining
services -oil
(CPC 8845*)1) None
2) None, other than:1) None
2) NoneCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Tollrefining
services -basic metals
(CPC 8851)TollRefining ofBasic Metals (Ontario):
Must betreated orrefined inCanada
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
k) Placement andsupply
services ofpersonnel
(CPC 872)1) None, other than:
Placement andSupply Services of
Personnel (Ontario): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence1) None
2) None, other than: Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence2) None
3) None 3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
l) Investigation and
security services
(CPC 873)1) None, other than:
Business andPersonal Information
Investigators (Ontario): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence1) None
2) None, other than: Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence2) None
GATS/SC/16
Page33CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page34
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3) None, other than:
Business andPersonnel Information
Investigations (Ontario): Foreign
ownership isrestricted to25percentin
totaland10percentbyanyindividual
holding shares3) None, other than:
Security andInvestigation Services
(Newfoundland): Majority oftheBoard of
Directors andthemanager ofbusiness
engaged inthisactivity must beCanadian
citizens orresidents
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Security andinvestigation services
(Québec): Citizenship requirement for
private investigators4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
m) Related scientific and
technical consulting
services
(CPC 8675)1) None, other than:
Free Miner (British Columbia): Applicant
must ordinarily beaCanadian citizen and
apermanent resident ofCanada, a
Canadian corporation orapartnership of
theforegoing1) None, other than:
Mineral andPetroleum Exploration and
Development: Federal andsubnational tax
measures thatresult inadifference of
treatment forexpenditures incurred in
connection withservices performed in
Canada related totheexploration and
development ofamineral resource,
petroleum ornatural gasCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Geological,
geophysical andother
scientific prospecting
services, including
those related to
mining
(CPC 86751)
Subsurface surveying
services
(CPC 86752)
Surface surveying
services
(CPC 86753)
Map making services
(CPC 86754)Land Surveyors (Saskatchewan):
Requirement foracommercial presence
foraccreditation. (Manitoba, Nova Scotia,
andQuébec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation. (Newfoundland):
Permanent residency requirement for
accreditation.
Subsurface Surveying Services (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foraccreditation
Professional Technologist (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foraccreditation
Chemists (Québec): Citizenship
requirement foraccreditation
2) None, other than:Applied Science Technologist/Technoician
(British Columbia): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Cadastral surveying (Ontario): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Geoscientists (Newfoundland): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Land Surveyors (Ontario, British
Columbia): Residency requirement for
accreditation
(Ontario): training must becompleted in
thatprovince foraccreditation
2) None, other than:
Land Surveyors (Saskatchewan):
Requirement foracommercial presence
foraccreditation
(Ontario): Training must becompleted in
Ontario foraccreditation
(Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland
andQuébec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditationMineral andPetroleum Exploration and
Development: Federal andsubnational tax
measures thatresult inadifference of
treatment forexpenditures incurred in
connection withservices performed in
Canada related totheexploration and
development ofamineral resource,
petroleum ornatural gas
GATS/SC/16
Page35CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page36
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Subsurface Surveying Services (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foraccreditationLand Surveyors (Ontario, British
Columbia): Residency requirement for
accreditation
(Ontario): Training must becompleted in
thatprovince foraccreditation
3) None, other than:
Land Surveyors: Commercial presence
must taketheform ofasoleproprietorship
orpartnership except inAlberta where it
maytaketheform ofasurveyor 's
corporation3) None, other than:
Cadastral Surveying (Ontario): 70per
centormore ofshares must beowned by
Canadians
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Free Miner (British Columbia): Applicant
must beapermanent residentApplied Science Technologist/Technician
(British Columbia): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Land Surveyors (Manitoba, Nova Scotia,
andQuébec): Citizenship requirement for
accreditation
(Newfoundland): Permanent residency
requirement foraccreditationCadastral surveying (Ontario): Residency
requirement foraccreditation
Geoscientists (Newfoundland): Residency
requirement foraccreditationCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Subsurface surveying services (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foraccreditation
Professional Technologist (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitle
Chemists (Québec): Citizenship
requirement foraccreditationLand Surveyors (Ontario, British
Columbia): Residency requirement for
accreditation
n) Repair services of
personal and
household goods
(CPC 633)
Repair services
incidental tometal
products, machinery
andequipment
including computers
andcommunications
equipment onafeeor
contract basis
(CPC 8861 to8866)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
GATS/SC/16
Page37CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page38
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
o) Building-cleaning
services
(CPC 874)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
q) Packaging services
(CPC 876)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
s) Other business
services, including:
(CPC 879)
Credit reporting
services
(CPC 87901)
Collection agency
services
(CPC 87902)1) None, other than:
Credit Reporting (Saskatchewan): Services
must besupplied through acommercial
presence
Credit Reporting andCollection Agencies
(Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island and
Nova Scotia): Services must besupplied
through acommercial presence1) None, other than:
Patent andTrade Mark Agents (federal):
Residency requirement
Collection Agencies (natural persons)
(Ontario, Saskatchewan): Residency
requirement
Certified Translators (Québec):
Citizenship requirement foruseoftitleCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Telephone answering
services
(CPC 87903)
Duplicating services
(CPC 87904)
Translation and
interpretation services
(CPC 87905)
Mailing list
compilation and
mailing services
(CPC 87906)
Specialty design
services
(CPC 87907)
Other business
services n.e.c.
including patent
agents
(CPC 87909)Consumer Reporting Agencies (Nova
Scotia andNewfoundland): Forjuridical
persons, requirement foracommercial
presence
(Nova Scotia): Fornatural persons
requirement forpermanent residency
Collection Agency Services (Alberta):
Trust funds must remain inAlberta. Must
maintain address forservice inAlberta.
Certified Translators andInterpreters
(Québec): Citizenship requirement foruse
oftitle
2) None, other than:
Certified Translators andInterpreters
(Québec): Citizenship requirement foruse
oftitle
3) None, other than:
Collection Agencies (Ontario): Foreign
ownership restricted to25percentintotal
and10percentbyanyindividual
Consumer Reporting Agencies (Nova
Scotia): Requirement toincorporate2) None, other than:
Patent andTrade Mark Agents (federal):
Residency requirement
GATS/SC/16
Page39CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page40
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Certified Translators andInterpreters
(Québec): Citizenship requirement foruse
oftitle
Consumer Agent Services (Nova Scotia):
Fornatural persons, requirement for
permanent residency4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Collection Agencies (Ontario,
Saskatchewan): Residency requirement
Patent andTrade Mark Agents (federal):
Residency requirement
2. COMMUNICATION
SERVICES
B*. Courier services
Commercial courier
services, including by
public transport or
self-owned transport
(CPC 75121*)1) None
2) None
3) None, other than:1) None
2) None
3) NoneCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Courier Services (Nova Scotia and
Manitoba): Economic needs test(Criteria
related toapproval include: examination
oftheadequacy ofcurrent levels of
service; market conditions establishing the
requirement forexpanded service; the
effect ofnewentrants onpublic
convenience, including thecontinuity and
quality ofservice, andthefitness,
willingness andability oftheapplicant to
provide proper service.)
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
C*. Telecommunication
services, ofwhich:
Enhanced or
value-added services,
forthesupply of
which theunderlying
telecommunications
transport facilities are
leased from providers
ofpublic
telecommunications
transport networks;
these include:1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
GATS/SC/16
Page41CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page42
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
h) Electronic mail
(CPC 7523*)
i) Voice mail
(CPC 7523*)
j) On-line information
anddatabase retrieval
(CPC 7523*)
k) Electronic data
interchange (EDI)
(CPC 7523*)
l) Enhanced/value-added
facsimile services,
including store and
forward, store and
retrieve
(CPC 7523*)
m) Code andprotocol
conversion
(CPC n.a.)
n) On-line information
and/or dataprocessing
(including transaction
processing)
(CPC 843*)CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3. CONSTRUCTION
SERVICES
A. General construction
work forbuildings1) None 1) None
Construction work for
buildings, including
formulti-dwelling
buildings, warehouses
andcommercial
buildings
(CPC 512)2) None
3) None2) None
3) None, other than:
Construction Contractor (Ontario): A
non-resident whowillbeconsuming or
using tangible personal property inOntario
isrequired todeposit withtheTreasurer
4percentoftheamount tobepaidunder
thecontract orpostaguarantee bond for
thesame.
(Newfoundland): Adeposit of6percent
ofthecontract amount orabond
equivalent isrequired from non-resident
contractors
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
GATS/SC/16
Page43CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page44
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B*. General construction
work forcivil
engineering
Construction work for
civilengineering,
including for
highways, airports,
harbours, dams,
bridges, construction
formining and
manufacturing, rail,
power and
communications
facilities, pipelines
andstadia andother
recreational facilities
(CPC 513*)1) None, other thancabotage
(seetransportation section)
2) None
3) None, other than:
Construction (Ontario): Anapplicant and
holder ofawater power sitedevelopment
permit must beincorporated inOntario
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Construction (Ontario): Anapplicant and
holder ofawater power sitedevelopment
permit must bearesident ofOntario
C. Installation and
assembly work
Assembly anderection
ofprefabricated
constructions
(CPC 514)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal sectionCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Installation work
(CPC 516)
D. Building completion
andfinishing work
Building completion
andfinishing work
(CPC 517)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
E*. Other
Pre-erection work at
construction sites,
including excavation,
earthmoving andsite
work except 5115,
sitepreparation for
mining
(CPC 511*)
Special trade
construction work
(CPC 515)1) None, other than:
Cabotage (SeeTransportation Section)
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
GATS/SC/16
Page45CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page46
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Renting services
related toequipment
forconstruction or
demolition of
buildings orcivil
engineering works,
withoperator
(CPC 518)
4. DISTRIBUTION
SERVICES
A*. Commission agents '
services
Commission agents '
services (excluding
62112, sales onafee
orcontract basis of
food products,
beverages andtobacco
andsales onafeeor
contract basis of
pharmaceutical and
medical goods in
62117)
(CPC 621*)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal sectionCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B*. Wholesale trade
services
Wholesale trade
services (excepting
agriculture andlive
animals in6221;
fisheries products in
62224; alcoholic
beverages in62226;
musical scores, audio
andvideo recordings
in62244; andbooks,
magazines,
newspapers, journals,
periodicals andother
printed matter in
62262; and62251 of
pharmaceutical and
medical goods, and
62252, surgical and
orthopaedic
instruments and
devices)
(CPC 622*)1) None, other than:
SaleofAmusement machines (Québec):
Services must besupplied through a
commercial presence
Marketing ofFishProducts (Nova Scotia):
Nova Scotia residents require ministerial
approval toenter intoagreements with
non-residents
SaleofMotor Vehicles (Saskatchewan):
Services must besupplied through a
commercial presence
Automobile Dealers andSalvage Dealers
(Newfoundland): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence
SaleofAmusement Machines (Québec):
Citizenship requirement inorder tosell
amusement machines
2) None1) None, other than:
FishBuyers (Newfoundland):
Non-residents must beregistered and
licensed inorder topurchase unprocessed
fishfrom primary producers and/or
process fish
2) None
3) None, other than:
FishBuyers (British Columbia): Mobile
fishbuyers licenses arenotissued to
foreigners3) None
GATS/SC/16
Page47CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page48
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
C*. Retailing services
Food retailing
services (excluding
liquor, wine andbeer
sales in63107)
(CPC 631*)
Non-food retailing
services (excluding
music scores, audio
andvideo records and
tapes in63234;
books, magazines,
newspapers and
periodicals in63253;
andpharmaceutical,
medical and
orthopaedic goods in
63211 andprinted
music in63251)
(CPC 632*)1) None, other than:
Itinerant Sellers (Ontario andQuébec):
Commercial presence required
Direct Sellers (Nova Scotia, British
Columbia): Services must besupplied
through acommercial presence
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None, other than:
Distribution Services
Indirect taxmeasures thatresult in
differences intreatment withrespect to
delivery bymailofgoods inCanada
Direct Sellers (Newfoundland): Residency
requirement
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal sectionCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Saleofmotor vehicles
including automobiles
andother road
vehicles
(CPC 6111)
Saleofparts and
accessories ofmotor
vehicles
(CPC 6113)
Sales ofmotorcycles
andsnowmobiles and
ofrelated parts and
accessories
(CPC 6121)
D*. Franchising
Franchising related to
non-financial
intangible assets
(CPC 8929*)1) None, other than:
(Alberta): Service suppliers required to
designate aplace within Alberta where
theycanbeserved legal documents1) None
2) None 2) None
GATS/SC/16
Page49CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page50
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3) None, other than: 3) None
(Alberta): Required tohave anattorney
forservice inlegal documents
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
E*. Other
Retail sales ofmotor
fuel
(CPC 613)1) None
2) None
3) None, other than:
Retail petroleum (Prince Edward Island):
Public convenience andnecessity test
(Criteria related toapproval include:
examination oftheadequacy ofcurrent
levels ofservice; market conditions
establishing therequirement forexpanded
service; theeffect ofnewentrants on
public convenience, including the
continuity andquality ofservice, andthe
fitness, willingness andability ofthe
applicant toprovide proper service.)1) None
2) None
3) NoneCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
6. ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES
A. Sewage services
(CPC 9401)1) None 1) None
B. Refuse disposal
services
(CPC 9402)2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
C. Sanitation andsimilar
services
(CPC 9403)
D. Other
Cleaning services of
exhaust gases
(CPC 9404)
GATS/SC/16
Page51CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page52
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Noise abatement
services
(CPC 9405)
Nature andlandscape
protection services
(CPC 9406)
Other environmental
services n.e.c.
(CPC 9409)
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES
Measures Applicable toAllSectors inFinancial Services:
1. Commitments inthisChapter areundertaken inaccordance withtheUnderstanding onCommitments inFinancial Services ("Understanding").
2. Forgreater certainty, market access commitments withrespect tothe"cross-border" and"consumption abroad" supply ofservices (asdescribed in
paragraphs 2a)and2b)ofArticle 1oftheGeneral Agreement onTrade inServices) apply onlytothetransactions indicated inparagraphs 3and4ofMarket
Access oftheUnderstanding. Itisunderstood thatparagraph 4ofthatsection oftheUnderstanding does notimpose anyobligation toallow non-resident
financial services suppliers tosolicit business.
3. Thecommitments on"commercial presence" arebound according totheUnderstanding.
4. Thecommitments on"presence ofnatural persons" arescheduled inaccordance withtheUnderstanding andbound according tothegeneral limitations
applicable toallsectors inthisschedule (Part I).
5. Otherwise, thecommitments inthisChapter aresubject tothegeneral conditions orlimitations applicable toallsectors inthisschedule.CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
1) None
2) None1) None
2) None
3) None, other than:
Federally-regulated financial institutions
having capital inexcess of$750 million
arerequired, within fiveyears ofhaving
reached thethreshold, tohave 35percent
oftheir voting shares widely-held and
listed andposted fortrading onaCanadian
stock exchange3) None, other than:
TheGovernment ofOntario Management
Board Directive andIndustrial
Development Review Process provides for
aprice preference ofupto10percentfor
Canadian content based onvalue-added in
Canada forcertain government purchases.
TheManagement Board Directive applies
onthebasis ofthenationality ofthe
individual service provider.
4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services
A. Insurance and
insurance-related
services
(CPC 812* +814)
a) Life, accident and
health insurance
services
(CPC 8121)1) None, other than:
Direct insurance (federal): Services must
besupplied through acommercial presence
withtheexception ofmarine insurance
(Allprovinces): Services must besupplied
through acommercial presence1) None
GATS/SC/16
Page53CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page54
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
b) Non-life insurance
services (except
deposit insurance and
similar compensation
schemes)
(CPC 8129)
c) Reinsurance and
retrocession
(CPC 81299*)Reinsurance andretrocession (federal):
Services must besupplied through a
commercial presence
(Allprovinces, excluding Alberta):
Services must besupplied through a
commercial presence.
2) None, other than: 2) None, other than:
Reinsurance andretrocession (federal):
Thepurchase ofreinsurance services bya
Canadian insurer, other thanalifeinsurer
orareinsurer, form anon-resident
reinsurer islimited tonomore than25per
centoftherisks undertaken bytheinsurer
purchasing thereinsuranceDirect insurance other thanlife,personal
accident, sickness ormarine insurance
(federal): Anexcise taxof10percentis
applicable onnetpremiums paidtonon-
resident insurers orexchanges inregard to
acontract against ariskordinarily within
Canada, unless such insurance isdeemed
nottobeavailable inCanada
Direct insurance (Alberta) Afeepayable to
theprovince of50percentofthepremium
paidandregulatory notification are
required oninsurance ofrisks inthe
province byunlicensed insurersCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
3) None, other than:
Direct insurance andreinsurance and
retrocession (federal): Thesolicitation of
insurance services inCanada canonlybe
effected through:3) None, other than:
Direct insurance andreinsurance and
retrocession (federal): Aminimum ofone-
halfofdirectors must beresident
Canadians
i)acorporation incorporated under
thelaws ofCanada;
ii)corporation incorporated byor
under thelaws ofanother
jurisdiction (i.e., abranch ofa
foreign corporation);
iii)anassociation formed ontheplan
known asLloyd 's.(British Columbia): Amajority ofthe
directors must beresident inCanada andat
least onedirector must beresident in
British Columbia
(Ontario): Capital requirements formutual
insurance companies donotapply to
certain mutual insurance companies
incorporated inOntario
Acontrolling number ofshares ofa
Canadian insurance subsidiary must be
helddirectly bytheforeign insurance
company incorporated inthejurisdiction
where theforeign insurance company,
either directly orthrough asubsidiary,
principally carries onbusiness(Québec): Three-quarters ofdirectors
must beCanadian citizens andamajority
must reside inQuébec
GATS/SC/16
Page55CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page56
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Abranch ofaforeign insurance company
must beestablished directly under the
foreign insurance company incorporated in
thejurisdiction where theforeign insurance
company, either directly orthrough a
subsidiary, principally carries onbusiness
(Allprovinces): Insurance activities can
onlybeprovided through:
i)acorporation incorporated under
provincial statutes;
ii)anextra-provincial insurance
corporation, i.e.,aninsurer
incorporated by,orunder the
laws ofanother jurisdiction
(including afederally-authorized
branch ofaforeign corporation);
iii)anassociation formed ontheplan
known asLloyds; and
iv)(Ontario): Reciprocal insurance
exchanges.
(Alberta): Subsidiaries offoreign
insurance corporations must be
federally-authorizedCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(Québec): Non-residents canacquire,
either directly orindirectly, nomore than
30percentofthevoting shares ofany
Canadian-controlled andQuébec-chartered
company without ministerial approval
(Federal): Thepurchase ofreinsurance
services byaCanadian insurer, other than
alifeinsurer orreinsurer, from aresident
reinsurer islimited tonomore than75per
centoftherisks undertaken bytheinsurer
purchasing thereinsurance
(British Columbia): Incorporation, share
acquisition orapplication forbusiness
authorization, where anyperson controls
orwillcontrol 10percentormore ofthe
votes ofthecompany, issubject to
ministerial approval
Non-life insurance (Ontario): Reciprocal
insurance exchanges must maintain
guarantee fund of$50,000 unless anauto
orfireinsurer hasprincipal office in
Ontario, then$25,000 isrequired
Motor vehicle insurance: (Québec,
Manitoba, Saskatchewan andBritish
Columbia): Motor vehicle insurance is
provided bypublic monopoly
4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services
GATS/SC/16
Page57CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page58
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
d) Services auxiliary to
insurance (including
broking andagency
services)
(CPC 8140)1) None, other than:
Intermediation ofinsurance relating to
maritime shipping, commercial aviation,
space launching, freight (inc. satellites)
andgoods ininternational transit (all
provinces): Services must besupplied
through acommercial presence inthe
province inwhich theservice isprovided1) None
Adjustment services (Newfoundland):
Non-resident adjusters must, asacondition
forobtaining alicense, agree toact
through thefacilities ofanadjuster,
adjusting company, representative, agent
orbroker licensed under provincial law
(Ontario andPrince Edward Island):
Non-resident individual adjusters are
prohibited from being adjusters inthe
province
2) None 2) None, other than:CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Intermediation ofinsurance relating to
commercial aviation, space launching,
freight (inc. satellites) andgoods in
international transit (federal): Anexcise
taxof10percentisapplicable onnet
premiums paidtonon-resident insurers or
exchanges inregard toacontract against a
riskordinarily within Canada, unless such
insurance isdeemed nottobeavailable in
Canada. Theexcise taxisalsoapplicable
onnetpremiums payable withregard toa
contract entered into, through anon-
resident broker oragent, withanyinsurer
authorized under thelaws ofCanada orof
anyprovince tocarry outthebusiness of
insurance.
3) None, other than:
(Ontario): Nolicense isprovided toa
corporation toactasaninsurance broker,
agency oradjuster ifthemajority ofthe
voting rights areinshares owned by
non-residents. Acorporate agency or
adjuster orinsurance broker which is
majority non-resident-owned andlicensed
asaresult ofgrandfathering cannot expand
through purchase ofassets orbusiness or
merger oramalgamation withanyother3) None
GATS/SC/16
Page59CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page60
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
broker, agent oradjuster. Nolicense is
provided toacorporation orpartnership
which isaninsurance agency oradjuster if
thehead office isoutside Canada orifany
partner isresident outside Canada.
(Newfoundland): Extra-provincial
adjustment companies must besponsored
byaresident Newfoundland company or
agency
4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services, and:4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services
(Newfoundland): Extra-provincial
individual adjusters andrepresentatives
must besponsored byaresident
Newfoundland insurance company or
agency
B. Banking andother
financial services
(excl. insurance)
(CPC 81115 to81119
+813)
a) Acceptance of
deposits andother
repayable funds from
thepublic
(CPC 81115 -81119)1) None
2) None
3) None, other than:1) None
2) None
3) None, other than:CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
b) Lending ofalltypes,
incl., inter alia,
consumer credit,
mortgage credit,
factoring and
financing of
commercial
transactions
(CPC 8113)
c) Financial leasing
(CPC 8112)Banks: Foreign banks must incorporate
subsidiaries inCanada toundertake the
business ofbanking
Nooneperson (Canadian orforeign) may
ownmore than10percentofanyclass of
shares ofaShedule Ibank
Trust andloancompanies (federal andall
provinces): Federal orprovincial
incorporation isrequiredBanks: Ministerial approval isrequired
forforeign bank subsidiairies toopen more
thanonebranch
Aminimum ofone-half ofthedirectors
must beresident Canadians
Trust andloancompanies (federal): A
minimum ofone-half ofthedirectors must
beresident Canadians
d) Allpayment and
money transmission
services
(CPC 81339*)(Ontario, Québec andManitoba): The
direct orindirect acquisition of
Canadian-controlled companies byforeign
persons isrestricted to10percent
individually and25percentcollectively(Alberta): Atleast three-quarters ofthe
directors must beordinarily resident in
Canada
e) Guarantees and
commitments
(CPC 81199*)(Saskatchewan): Individual andcollective
foreign ownership ofCanadian-controlled
andprovincially incorporated companies
canbenomore than10percentofshares(British Columbia): Amajority ofthe
directors must beresident inCanada andat
least onedirector must beresident in
British Columbia
(British Columbia): Incorporation, share
acquisition orapplication forbusiness
authorization, where anyperson controls
orwillcontrol 10percentormore ofthe
votes ofthecompany, aresubject to
ministerial approval(Nova Scotia): Amajority ofdirectors
must beresident inCanada andCanadian
citizens
GATS/SC/16
Page61CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page62
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(Ontario): Incorporation orregistration
willberefused unless authorities are
satisfied thatthere exists apublic benefit
andadvantage foranadditional
corporation. Consent tochange incontrol
ortransfers of10percentormore of
voting shares mayberefused ifitwould
beinthepublic interest todoso.(Manitoba andOntario): Foreign persons
maynotexercise thevoting rights attached
toshares iftheyarenotregistered as
shareholders inrespect oftheshares
(Ontario): Amajority ofdirectors must be
Canadian citizens
Banks andtrustcompanies (federal): A
controlling number ofshares ofaCanadian
bank ortrust company subsidiary must be
helddirectly bytheforeign bank ortrust
company incorporated inthejurisdiction
where theforeign bank ortrustcompany,
either directly orthrough asubsidiary,
principally carried onbusiness(Québec): Three-quarters ofthedirectors
must beCanadian citizens andamajority
must reside inQuébec
Credit unions andcaisses populaires
(Ontario andManitoba): Directors of
credit unions must beCanadian citizens
Credit unions, caisses populaires and
associations orgroups thereof (all
provinces): Must incorporate inthe
jurisdictions inwhich theyoperate(British Columbia): Directors and
sub-directors ofcredit unions must be
residents oftheprovince
Mortgage brokers (Ontario): Must
incorporate under thelaws ofCanada,
Ontario orofanother province.
Ownership ofacorporation byforeign
persons must notexceed 10percent
individually and25percentcollectively of
thetotal number ofequity shares.(Manitoba): Credit unions andcaisses
populaires areexempt from thecorporate
capital tax
(Alberta): Directors ofcredit unions must
bepermanent residents ofCanada and
three-quarters must atalltimes be
ordinarily resident intheprovinceCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(Nova Scotia): Must incorporate under the
laws ofCanada orNova Scotia(Québec): Directors ofcaisses populaires
must have aresidence, place ofbusiness or
employment intheterritory served bythe
caisse
(Alberta): Must maintain abusiness office
intheprovinceCommunity bonds corporations
(Saskatchewan, Manitoba): Directors of
Community Bonds Corporations must be
resident oftheprovince
Loan andinvestment companies (Québec):
Federal orprovincial incorporation
Co-operative corporations (Ontario): Must
incorporate inOntarioVenture capital corporations (federal and
allprovinces): Taxmeasures thatresult in
adifference intreatment withrespect toan
investment inaventure capital corporation
asprescribed pursuant totheIncome Tax
ActofCanada
Lending ofalltypes (Nova Scotia): Must
incorporate under thelaws ofCanada or
Nova Scotia
Acceptance ofdeposits (Québec): The
acceptance ofdeposits ofpublic and
para-public institutions isprovided bya
public monopoly
4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services, and:4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services
Mortgage brokers (Ontario): Must be
permanent residents ofCanada
GATS/SC/16
Page63CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page64
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
(Nova Scotia): Must beresident inthe
province
(Alberta): Must beresident inthe
province foraminimum ofthree months
toberegistered
f) Trading forown
account orforaccount
ofcustomers, whether
onanexchange, inan
over-the-counter
market orotherwise,
thefollowing:1) None, other than:
Advisory andauxiliary financial services
(Alberta, British Columbia, Nova Scotia,
Ontario, Québec): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence in
thejurisdiction inwhich theadviser is
providing advice1) None
-money market
instruments
(cheques, bills,
certificate of
deposits, etc.)
(CPC 81339*)Asset management (Alberta, British
Columbia, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec
andSaskatchewan): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence in
thejurisdiction inwhich theservice is
provided
-foreign exchange
(CPC 81333)(Québec): Themanagement ofpension
funds ofpublic andpara-public institutions
inQuébec isprovided bypublic monopolyCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
-derivative
products incl. but
notlimited to,
futures and
options
(CPC 81339*)Custodial services: Mutual funds which
offer securities inCanada must usea
resident custodian. Anon-resident
sub-custodian maybeused ifithas
shareholders equity ofatleast $100 million
-exchange rate
andinterest rate
instruments, incl.
products such as
swaps, forward
rateagreements,
etc.
(CPC 81339*)2) None, other than:
Trading insecurities andcommodity
futures -persons (allprovinces): There
isarequirement toregister inorder to
trade through dealers andbrokers thatare
neither resident norregistered inthe
province inwhich thetrade iseffected2) None
-transferable
securities
(CPC 81321*)3) None, other than: 3) None, other than:
-other negotiable
instruments and
financial assets,
incl. bullion
(CPC 81339*)Securities dealers andbrokers (British
Columbia, Newfoundland, Ontario,
Saskatchewan, Yukon): Must be
incorporated, formed orcontinued under
federal, provincial orterritorial laws
(Québec): Only brokerage firms
incorporated under federal, provincial or
territorial laws maybemembers ofthe
Montreal ExchangeTrading insecurities andcommodity
futures andadvisory andauxiliary financial
services -dealers, brokers, andadvisers:
(Alberta, Ontario, Newfoundland, Nova
Scotia): Adirector orofficer ofan
applicant firmmust have been aresident of
Canada foraperiod ofatleast oneyear
prior totheapplication
GATS/SC/16
Page65CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page66
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
g) Participation inissues
ofallkinds of
securities, including
underwriting and
placement asagent
(whether publicly or
privately) and
provision ofservice
related tosuch issues
(CPC 8132)Advisory andauxiliary financial services
(British Columbia): Must beincorporated,
formed orcontinued under federal,
provincial orterritorial laws
Asset management (Québec): The
management ofpension funds ofpublic
andpara-public institutions inQuébec is
provided byapublic monopoly
h) Money broking
(CPC 81339*)4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services4) Seeparagraph 3ofheadnote onFinancial
Services, and:
i) Asset management,
such ascashor
portfolio management,
allforms ofcollective
investment
management, pension
fund management,
custodial depository
andtrustservices
(CPC 8119*, 81323*)Trading insecurities andcommodity
futures andadvisory andauxiliary financial
services -dealers, brokers, andadvisers:
(allprovinces except British Columbia):
Anindividual applicant forregistration is
required tohave been aresident ofCanada
foraperiod ofatleast oneyearprior to
theapplication andaresident ofthe
province inwhich he/she wishes tooperate
atthedateofapplicationCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
j) Settlement and
clearing services for
financial assets, incl.
securities, derivative
products, andother
negotiable instruments
(CPC 81339*,
81319*)(Québec): Anindividual acting asa
representative ofadealer oradviser,
subject tocertain exemptions, must bea
resident oftheprovince
k) Advisory andother
auxiliary financial
services onallthe
activities listed in
Article 5.1(p) ofthe
Annex onFinancial
Services, incl. credit
reference and
analysis, investment
andportfolio research
andadvice, advice on
acquisitions andon
corporate
restructuring and
strategy
(CPC 8131*, 8133*)
GATS/SC/16
Page67CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page68
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
l) Provision andtransfer
offinancial
information, and
financial data
processing andrelated
software byproviders
ofother financial
services
(CPC 8131*, 842*,
843*, 844*)
9. TOURISM AND
TRAVEL RELATED
SERVICES
A. Hotels andrestaurants
(including catering)
Hotel andother
lodging services
(CPC 641)1) None
2) None1) None
2) None
Food andbeverage
serving services
(CPC 642/3)3) None, other than:
Saleofliquor onpremises (Nova Scotia):
New licences require amajority approval
inapublic vote3) None, other than:
Purchase ofrecreational property
(Ontario): Non-residents arerequired to
paya20percentlandtransfer taxCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Saleofliquor inatavern, restaurant orbar
(Québec): Forjuridical persons notlisted
onaCanadian stock exchange, all
shareholders owning 10percentormore
ofvoting shares must beCanadian citizens
orpermanent residentsSaleofalcoholic beverages (Ontario): The
majority oftheboard ofdirectors must be
Canadian citizens orlanded immigrants
andordinarily resident inOntario
(Saskatchewan): Themajority of
shareholders must beCanadian and
manager must beaCanadian citizen or
permanent resident(Alberta): Atleast onedirector must bea
permanent resident
Saleofliquor (Québec): Islimited to
federally incorporated companies(Newfoundland, Nova Scotia andAlberta):
Agents ormanagers must beCanadian
citizens, resident intheprovince
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Saleofliquor inarestaurant andtavern
(Québec): Requirement forresidency and
citizenship
Saleofalcoholic beverages (Alberta,
Saskatchewan andOntario): Requirement
forpermanent residency
(Manitoba): Requirement forcitizenship
andresidency
(Nova Scotia): Licences forthesaleof
alcoholic beverages willbegranted onlyto
Canadian citizens
GATS/SC/16
Page69CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page70
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
B. Travel agencies and
touroperators
services1) None, other than: 1) None, other than:
Travel agency and
touroperator services
(CPC 7471)Travel agencies andtravel wholesalers
(Ontario): Services must besupplied
through acommercial presenceTravel agents (Québec): Residency
requirement
Travel agencies (Québec): Services must
besupplied through acommercial presenceTravel counsellors (Québec): Residency
requirement
Travel agents andwholesalers (Ontario):
Residency requirement
2) None 2) None
3) None 3) None, other than:
Travel agencies (British Columbia): At
least oneofthepartners inapartnership or
oneofthedirectors ofacorporation must
beordinarily resident intheprovince
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:
Travel agents (Québec -natural persons):
Residency requirement
Travel counsellors (Québec): Residency
requirement
Travel agents andwholesalers (Ontario -
natural persons): Residency requirementCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
11. TRANSPORT
SERVICES
- Approval isrequired from theNational
Transportation Agency prior tothe
acquisition ofanyfederally regulated
transportation undertaking withassets or
annual gross sales inCanada inexcess of
$10million. Forthese purposes, a
transportation undertaking means any
business principally engaged inany
transportation activity under federal
jurisdiction within Canada, excluding
(a)those operated byaperson whose
principal place ofresidence isoutside
Canada, and(b)those engaged inthe
transport ofgoods and/or passengers solely
between Canada andanother country.
- Theacquisition ofcontrol ofaCanadian
business withrespect toanytransportation
service byanon-Canadian issubject to
approval*, for
1)alldirect acquisitions of
Canadian businesses withassets
ofC$5million ormore
* Same criteria asindicated inPartA,page 2.
GATS/SC/16
Page71CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page72
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
2)allindirect acquisitions of
Canadian businesses withassets
ofC$50 million ormore, or
3)indirect acquisitions ofCanadian
businesses withassets between
C$5million and$50million that
represent more than50percent
ofthevalue ofthetotal
international transaction
A. Maritime Transport
ServicesWhere nototherwise made
available tointernational
transport suppliers on
reasonable and
non-discriminatory terms and
conditions asdefined in
Article XXVIII c)ii),no
measures which deny
reasonable and
non-discriminatory access
shall beapplied tothe
following portservices:
1. Ships agencies
2. Customs brokers
3. Stevedoring and
terminal services
4. Surveying and
classification servicesCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Where road, rail,inland
waterways andrelated auxiliary
services arenototherwise fully
covered inthisschedule,
multimodal transport operators,
general andbulkcargo shipping
lines, shippers andtheir
intermediaries shall have the
ability torentorlease trucks,
railway carriages orbarges, and
related equipment, forthe
purpose ofinland forwarding of
cargoes, orhave reasonable and
non-discriminatory access to,
anduseof,these forms of
multimodal activities forthe
purpose ofcarrying outonward
transport operations.
"Reasonable and
non-discriminatory access"
includes, forthepurpose ofthis
additional commitment, the
ability ofthemultimodal
transport operators, general and
bulkcargo shipping lines,
shippers andtheir intermediaries
toarrange fortheconveyance of
merchandise onatimely basis,
including priority overships or
merchandise which have entered
theportatalaterdate.
GATS/SC/16
Page73CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page74
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
C*. AirTransport
Services
Maintenance and
repair ofaircraft and
aircraft engines
(CPC 8868*)1) None
2) None, other than:
Computer reservations
systemsMaintenance andrepair ofaircraft and
aircraft engines -unbound
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
E. RailTransport
Services
a),b)Railway passenger
andfreight transport
(CPC 7111, 7112)1) None, other thanCabotage
2) None
3) None1) None
2) None
3) None, other than:
Railways (Newfoundland): Majority of
Board ofDirectors must beresident in
Newfoundland
(Manitoba): Atleast onedirector ofa
provincial railroad must bearesident of
theprovinceCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
d) Maintenance and
repair ofrailtransport
equipment
(CPC 8868*)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
F*. Road Transport
Services
a*) Passenger
transportation
Interurban scheduled
buspassenger
transportation
(CPC 71213)1) None, other than:
Cabotage
Interurban bustransport andnon-scheduled
services (British Columbia, Alberta,
Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Québec,
Nova Scotia, Newfoundland andNorthwest
Territories): Public convenience andneeds
test(Criteria related toapproval include:1) None
GATS/SC/16
Page75CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page76
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
examination oftheadequacy ofcurrent
levels ofservice; market conditions
establishing therequirement forexpanded
service; theeffect ofnewentrants on
public convenience, including the
continuity andquality ofservice, andthe
fitness, willingness andability ofthe
applicant toprovide proper service.)
Taxis
(CPC 71221)2) None
3) None, other than:
Rental services ofcars
withdrivers
(CPC 71222)Taxis andrental services withdrivers:
Operating licences andpermission are
under thepurview oflocal/provincial
authorities (Criteria related toapproval
include: examination oftheadequacy of
current levels ofservice; market
conditions establishing therequirement for
expanded service; theeffect ofnew
entrants onpublic convenience, including
thecontinuity andquality ofservice, and
thefitness, willingness andability ofthe
applicant toprovide proper service.)CANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Non-scheduled motor
buses, chartered buses
andtourand
sightseeing buses
(CPC 71223)Interurban bustransport andscheduled
services: (British Columbia, Alberta,
Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan,
Manitoba, Ontario, Québec, Nova Scotia,
Newfoundland andNorthwest Territories):
Public convenience andneeds test(Criteria
related toapproval include: examination
oftheadequacy ofcurrent levels of
service; market conditions establishing the
requirement forexpanded service; the
effect ofnewentrants onpublic
convenience, including thecontinuity and
quality ofservice, andthefitness,
willingness andability oftheapplicant to
provide proper service.)
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
b*) Freight transportation 1) None, other than: 1) None
Highway freight
transportation
(CPC 71231, 71232,
71233, 71234)Highway freight transportation (Québec):
Requirement forcommercial presence in
region where permit applies
Cabotage
2) None 2) None
3) None, other than: 3) None
GATS/SC/16
Page77CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page78
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Highway freight transportation: (British
Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba,
Ontario, Québec, Prince Edward Island,
Nova Scotia andNewfoundland): Public
convenience andneeds test(Criteria
related toapproval include: examination
oftheadequacy ofcurrent levels of
service; market conditions establishing the
requirement forexpanded service; the
effect ofnewentrants onpublic
convenience, including thecontinuity and
quality ofservice, andthefitness,
willingness andability oftheapplicant to
provide proper service.)
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
c*) Rental ofcommercial
vehicle withoperator1) None, other than:
Cabotage1) None
Rental services of
commercial road
vehicles with
operators
(CPC 7124)2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal sectionCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
d) Maintenance ofroad
transport equipment1) None 1) None
Maintenance and
repair services of
motor vehicles
(CPC 6112)2) None
3) None2) None
3) None
Maintenance and
repair services of
motorcycles and
snowmobiles
(CPC 6122)4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Repair services n.e.c.
ofmotor vehicles,
trailers, semi-trailers
onafeeorcontract
basis
(CPC 8867)
H*. Services auxiliary to
allmodes oftransport
other thanMaritime
Auxiliary Services1) None, other than:
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(juridical persons): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence
(natural persons): Requirement for
permanent residency1) None
GATS/SC/16
Page79CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page80
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
a) Container handling
services
(CPC 7411)
Other cargo handling
services
(CPC 7419)2) None, other than:
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(juridical persons): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence
(natural persons): Requirement for
permanent residency2) None
b) Storage and
warehouse services
(CPC 742)
c) Freight transport
agency services
(CPC 748)3) None, other than:
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(juridical persons): Commercial presence
must bebymeans ofincorporation ora
partnership3) None
d) Other supporting and
auxiliary transport
services, including
freight forwarding
(CPC 749)a)Acorporation must beincorporated in
Canada andthemajority ofits
directors must beCanadian citizens or
permanent residents
b)Apartnership must becomposed of
persons whoareCanadian citizens or
permanent residents
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(natural persons): Requirement for
permanent residencyCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Storage and
warehousing services
(CPC 742)1) Unbound**
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) Unbound**
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Customs Clearance
Services (asdefined)1) None, other than:
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(juridical persons): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence
(natural persons): Requirement for
permanent residency1) None
2) None, other than:
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(juridical persons): Services must be
supplied through acommercial presence
(natural persons): Requirement for
permanent residency2) None
3) None, other than: 3) None
** Acommitment onthismode ofdelivery isnotfeasible.
GATS/SC/16
Page81CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page82
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(juridical persons): Commercial presence
must bebymeans ofincorporation ora
partnership
a)Acorporation must beincorporated in
Canada andthemajority ofits
directors must beCanadian citizens or
permanent residents
b)Apartnership must becomposed of
persons whoareCanadian citizens or
permanent residents
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section, and:4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Licensed Customs Brokers (federal)
(natural persons): Requirement for
permanent residencyCANADA (continued)
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
Container Station and
Depot Services (as
defined)1) Unbound**
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) Unbound**
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Maritime Agency
Services1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
Maritime Freight
Forwarding Services
(asdefined)1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section1) None
2) None
3) None
4) Unbound except asindicated inthe
horizontal section
** Acommitment onthismode ofdelivery isnotfeasible.
GATS/SC/16
Page83CANADA (continued)GATS/SC/16
Page84
Modes ofsupply: 1) Cross-border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence ofnatural persons
Sector orsubsector Limitations onmarket access Limitations onnational treatment Additional commitments
DEFINITIONS RELATED TOSECTION II-TRANSPORT SERVICES
Forthepurposes ofthisschedule:
1. "Container station anddepot services" means activities instoring containers, whether inportareas orinland, withaview totheir stuffing/stripping, repairing,
andmaking them available forshipments.
2. "Customs clearance services" means activities incarrying outonbehalf ofanother party customs formalities concerning import, export orthrough transport of
cargoes, irrespective ofwhether thisservice isthemain orsecondary activity oftheservice provider.
3. "Maritime freight forwarding services" means theactivity oforganizing andmonitoring shipments onbehalf ofshippers, through providing such services as
thearranging oftransport andrelated services, consolidation andpacking ofcargo, preparation ofdocumentation andprovision ofbusiness information.
4. "Multimodal transport operator" means theperson whoissues orcauses tobeissued thebilloflading, multimodal transport document, oranyother document
evidencing acontract ofmultimodal carriage ofgoods, isissued andwhoisresponsible forthecarriage ofgoods pursuant tothecontract ofcarriage.
5. "Cabotage" services include theengaging byavessel inanymaritime activity ofacommercial nature intheterritory ofCanada andtheExclusive Economic
Zone.